Nepal. “The Government of Nepal does not consider itself bound to make any financial contribution towards such expenses made under Article 4 of this Agreement.”
Nepal. The Nepal Telecommunications Authority ("NTA") published this Request for Application ("RFA") in January 2020 to invite existing Internet Service Provider ("ISP") licensees to apply for the opportunity to install, activate and operate a broadband connectivity network using (mainly) optical fiber cable in five districts in Nepal. This construction agreement reflects Nepal’s position as a developing country in the earlier stages of market liberalization, with limited historical private sector participation in the telecommunications sector. The RFA is relatively prescriptive, setting out the districts and premises that must be serviced and specifying minimum quality, service and technical standards. However, within these constraints, responsibility for planning and designing the network lies with the private sector. This PPP is therefore an example of how a government may retain significant control over projects, while recognizing and leveraging private sector technology and expertise. As part of the application process, applicants will nominate a subsidy amount to be provided by the NTA to establish the network. The contract will be awarded to the applicant with the lowest nominated subsidy (“Selected Licensed Operator”, or “SLO”), provided that the applicant is qualified to perform the contract satisfactorily. The NTA estimated that the subsidy cost would be in the region of 928 million Nepalese rupees. Applicants must include a technical proposal with a detailed description of its network, equipment and technology, approach to operating the network, land acquisition requirements, quality and maintenance arrangements, proposed tariff arrangements beyond the subsidy period, projected financials, and work schedule. Applicants must also provide bid security (in the form of a bank guarantee or cash deposit). Key features of the project include: Technology specifications – the broadband network must be built using optical fiber. The 5 districts have different geography, so SLO is free to choose appropriate technology, based on the geography provided it uses optical for each district. Specified minimum quality standards must be met. The SLO’s internet/data network must be technically compatible with another ISPs' network so as to provide seamless interconnection. All customers must be connected with 1 Mbps internet speed in each terminal. Non-exclusive authorization – the authorization will not change the SLO’s existing rights and obligations except to add to the...
Nepal. (a) authorizes ADB to undertake the selection of, and contract negotiations with the International Project Management Consultants; and (b) in collaboration with the other SASEC countries, shall contract the International Project Management Consultants on a joint basis to assist in Project implementation at the subregional level. Nepal shall engage the Country Management Consultants comprising a Nepal country team consisting of three subteams: (a) a SASEC Regional Network team; (b) a Village Network/Research and Training Network team, with both subteams comprising a team leader, a design engineer, a procurement specialist, and a network engineer; and (c) a country joint team comprising a social development specialist, an environment specialist, and a quality assurance specialist. The management consultants shall be employed to: (a) design all networks to be procured under the Project; (b) prepare bid documents; (c) assist the PMU in tendering (prequalification, evaluation of proposals, etc); and (d) assist the PMU to supervise contractors. Policy Dialogue
Nepal. 1.9 India-Nepal relations Why in news? Amidst Nepal‘s political chaos, Nepal‘s Foreign Affairs Minister visited New Delhi for the 6th meeting of India-Nepal Joint Commission. What was discussed in the meeting? It was more focused on confidence-building measures- exchange of remarks on progress made since last meeting, how to take forward several bilateral initiatives. They discussed about the expanding the Motihari-Amlekhganj petroleum pipeline to Chitwan & establishing new pipeline on the eastern side connecting Siliguri to Jhapa in Nepal. They discussed about the operating procedures for commencing the upgraded 1st passenger railway line between India & Nepal from Jaynagar to Kurtha via Janakpur. Other cross-border rail connectivity projects, including Raxaul-Kathmandu broad gauge railway line were also discussed. Nepal expressed its support for India‘s permanent membership of an expanded UN Security Council. It also emphasised on the need for facilitating cross-border movement of people & goods leading to sub- regional cooperation. However Nepal‘s demand to include the boundary issue in the Meeting was not supported by India. How is India-Nepal relationship on the development front? The recently inaugurated Integrated Check Posts (ICPs) at Birgunj and Biratnagar helps in seamless movement of people and trade between two countries. The construction of 3rd ICP at Nepalgunj was already commenced & the new ICP at Bhairahwa will begin shortly. Since Nepal relies on India‘s seaports for trade and its goods are transported by road, ICP are expected to ease trade and transit. India supported to develop 2 more cultural heritage projects in Nepal-Pashupatinath Riverfront Development &Bhandarkhal Garden Restoration in Patan Durbar. This is significant at the time when China is exploring all avenues to disrupt Nepal‘s natural choice in policy- making. The joint hydropower projects, including the proposed Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project, will get positive momentum following this round of meeting. How is Nepal’s democracy functioning? There is growing disenchantment among the Nepali masses over the increased centralisation of power. The failure of the Provincial System to address developmental issues, misuse of Presidential authority & unprecedented corruption calls for re-setting Nepal‘s democracy. Large sections of the people wish to restore the cultural Monarchy in place of Presidential system and to re- establish the certain tradi...
Nepal. 19940728 Joint Communique on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations.
Nepal. Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Revenue Potential Minimum Commitment xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx Either a Minimum Commitment or an Exclusivity Threshold or both will be proposed for each country. Sales to increase by not less than 20% of prior year minimum commitment until annual sales for the country reach xxxx Singapore Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Revenue Potential Minimum Commitment xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx Either a Minimum Commitment or an Exclusivity Threshold or both will be proposed for each country. Years 6-10: Sales to increase by not less than 20% of prior year minimum commitment until annual sales for the country reach xxxx ________________________ Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this agreement. This agreement omits the information subject to the confidential treatment request. Omissions are designated as “xxxx”. A complete version of this agreement has been submitted separately to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Xxx Xxxxx Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Revenue Potential Minimum Commitment xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx Either a Minimum Commitment or an Exclusivity Threshold or both will be proposed for each country. Sales to increase by not less than 20% of prior year minimum commitment until annual sales for the country reach xxxx Thailand Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Revenue Potential Either a Minimum Commitment or an Exclusivity Threshold or both will be proposed for each country. Years 6-10: Sales to increase by not less than 20% of prior year minimum commitment until annual sales for the country reach xxxx ________________________ Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this agreement. This agreement omits the information subject to the confidential treatment request. Omissions are designated as “xxxx”. A complete version of this agreement has been submitted separately to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Appendix b: Amortization Chart for payment by SenesTech of Certification and Related Costs to NeoVenta The Amortization period and the amount to be credited towards purchases by NeoVenta will be a factor of Product certification cost and the validity period of the certificate obtained. This can be explained by following possible scenarios –
Nepal. Exchange of letters constituting an agreement concerning ar- rangements regarding the Asia-Pacific Workshop on Regional Human Rights Arrangements to be held in Kathmandu, Nepal, from 26 to 28 February 1996. Geneva, 22 Jan 1996, 25 Jan 1996. (I-32442) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement concerning the eighth United Nations Meeting on Peace and Disarmament in the Asia-Pacific Region, entitled "Priority Issues on the Current Disarmament Agenda: Global and Regional Concerns". New York, 17 Jan 1996, 29 Jan 1996. (I-32464) ASSISTANCE ARGENTINA
Nepal. Nakarmi A.M. (2010). Modelling for Energy Planning and Policy Analysis in Nepal. SJM School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. PhD Thesis. 5 Nakarmi A.M. (2010). Modelling for Energy Planning and Policy Analysis for Nepal. SJM School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. Center for Studies, Institute of Engineering Tribhuwan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. Proceedings of the ETSAP workshop, New Delhi (India), January 18-23, 2010. 1 Shree Raj Shakya, Ram M. Shrestha. Transport sector electrification in a hydropower resource rich developing country: Energy security, environmental and climate change co-benefits. Energy for Sustainable Development 15, No 2, (2011) 147-159 3 Ram M. Shrestha, Shree Raj Shakya. Benefits of low carbon development in a developing country: Case of Nepal Energy Economics 34, Supplement 3, (2012) S503-S512 3 Norway Espegren, K.A. (2010). Regional modelling in Norway Focusing on transportation sector. Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Norway. Proceedings of the ETSAP workshop, New Delhi (India), January 18-23, 2010. 1 Espegren K.A. Rosenberg E. (2009). Regional System Analysis of Introduction of Hydrogen in Norway. Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Norway. Proceedings of the International Energy Workshop (IEW), Venice (Italy), June 17-19, 2009. 1 Fidje A. Rosenberg E. Espegren K.A. (2008). Criteria for introduction of hydrogen in Norway-a modeling approach using MARKAL and infrastructure models. Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Norway. Proceedings of the International Energy Workshop (IEW), Paris (France), June 30 - July 2, 2008. 1 Rosenberg E. Fidje A. Espegren K.A. Stiller C. Svensson A.M. Møller-Holst S. (2010). Market penetration analysis of hydrogen vehicles in Norwegian passenger transport towards 2050. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35: 7267-7279. 3 Stiller C. Bunger U. Møller-Holst S. Svensson A.M. Espegren K. A. Nowak M. (2010). Pathways to a hydrogen fuel infrastructure in Norway. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35: 2597 – 2601. 3 Seljom P. Rosenberg E. Fidje A. Haugen J.E. Meir M. Rekstad J. Jarlseth T. (2011). Modelling the effects of climate change on the energy system—A case study of Norway. Energy Policy 39 (11) : 7310-7321. 3
Nepal. In Nepal, DFE and its partner WCN have conducted activities in over 50 districts, with a central focus on the Kathmandu valley, Rasuwa and Chitwan districts. DFE and its other partner in Nepal, Samaj Utthan Yuwa Xxxxxx (SUYUK), as part of the Life School Centre (LSC), work in the Dhanusha district in the southern lowlands of Nepal along the watershed of the Jalaidh river. Nepal is located in South Asia. The estimated population is 30,986,975 million and the area is 141,181 km² (about three times the size of Denmark). Administratively, Nepal is divided into 5 development regions, 75 districts and 3915 Village Development Committees, which are the smallest unit of local government. Nepal boasts great ethnic and tribal diversity and a complex cultural heritage, where the caste system prevails. Unfortunately, a large proportion of the population suffers from discrimination through social, political, and economic exclusion. Some of the groups most affected are the Dalits (untouchables), women and girls. The country suffers from corruption and political instability. Since the dissolution of the monarchy in 2008, the country has been governed by various caretaker governments who have not managed to write the country’s new democratic constitution. Nepal ranks 145 on UNDP’s 2013 HDI, putting it in the low human development category. 84% of people live in rural areas and agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing more than 70% of the population with a livelihood and accounting for 39% of the GDP. Rural poverty is around 35%. Forests are particularly important for the rural communities as they are the primary source of fuel wood for household energy needs and construction material. They also provide fodder for animals and non-timber forest products, as alternative livelihood options. Nepal-wide outreach In view of Nepal's diverse geography, the strategy of our environmental education projects in the past has been to use a mobile nature bus4 to reach all three geographic areas of Nepal. The first area, the Terai, the fertile lowlands in the south, densely populated, but also the habitat for endangered wildlife such as rhinos and tigers. The mid-hills, which have been subject to an increasing number of environmental disasters due to deforestation and intensive farming. The third region are the mountains in the north, which have rugged and difficult topographic as well as environmental conditions. One core topic is that the behavior of the population in the h...
Nepal. Since the late seventies, the government of Nepal has been supporting community based forest management models and outlining several laws and policies to support these. The Forest Act of 1993 is the main law that handed over national forests to local user groups (CFUGs) for protection, management, and utilization of forests. The District Forest Office (DFO) approves the CFUGs operational plan (OP) and once registered they act as self-governing entities and they can produce, utilize, and sell forest products as outlined in the OP. Today, about 25% of all national forests are management by over 14,000 CFUGs. Although community forestry is mainly hailed as a success story, there have been criticisms that CFUGS often exclude marginalized and disadvantaged groups from participation and the traditionally power structures prevail within the groups. Leasehold forestry is another provision where poor rural households can apply with the government to get access to degraded land, which they then can manage for improved livelihoods and ecosystem restauration. However, there is no legal mechanism to form leasehold forest groups as there is for CFUGs and institution and capacity building of leasehold members is important because the poorest groups often lack capacity. In 2000, the Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation (MoFSC) government formulated a policy for another model on Collaborative Forest Management (CFM), which is a new approach of managing national forests collaboratively with the district and local government and local communities, including distant users. It is mainly being tried out in the Terai region and the idea is that there is a benefit sharing mechanism between government and forest users. However, the mechanism of benefit sharing is not always clear, the district government often dominates decision making, and there is a challenge of set up proper mechanisms for distant user and disadvantaged groups’ participation. The Department of Soil conservation and Watershed Management (DSCWM) has been promoting User Groups Based Watershed Management to mitigate land degradation problems stemming from deforestation in the hills. However, there is no legislation to recognize watershed user groups, and they mainly function as NGOs. Since watershed management involves all natural resource management activities, like forestry, agriculture, pasture and livestock, the coordination of the different line agencies is a challenge. The LSC is the structure that has be...
