Background and Necessity of the Project
Background and Necessity. (1) Current State and Issues of the Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Management Sector in India In terms of biodiversity conservation in India, as of March 2009, 4.79% of the country was designated as protected area, with 99 national parks and 523 wildlife sanctuaries. However, the management plans of these protected areas are not well prepared based upon scientific databases in order to conserve biodiversity. Furthermore, at the start of the 20th Century, approximately 40% of India was covered by forest, but the India’s forest and tree cover ratio1 stood at 23.6% (2005), which is lower than the global average of 30.3% (2005). Man-made activities within forest areas such as the use of land for grazing and the collection of fuel wood have an influence on the degradation of forests in some areas. Consequently, in addition to the need for strengthening capacity among related agencies to ensure a balanced approach for sustainable ecosystem, it is also vital to improve forest and tree cover as well as the forest quality.
Background and Necessity. CIDCO had prepared Navi Mumbai Development Plan which covers 95 villages and 14 well planned and self-sustained nodes viz. Airoli, Ghansoli, Kopar-Khairane, Juinagar, Vashi, Sanpada, Juinagar, Nerul, Belapur, Kharghar, Kamothe, New Panvel, Kalamboli, Ulwe, Xxxxxxx and Dronagiri. Initially CIDCO’s focus of development was in Vashi, Nerul, Sanpada, CBD, Koparkhairane & Airoli and these Nodes were developed completely in 1990 and subsequently handed over to Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation in the year 1994. This part of Navi Mumbai is referred as Navi Mumbai (North). Thereafter on arrival of harbour Railway line which is extension from Mankhurd to New Panvel in 1990, there was tremendous increase in population in Navi Mumbai when CIDCO had to shift its development focus to other Nodes like Kharghar, Kamothe, New Panvel, Ulwe & Dronagiri. These Nodes come under Raigad district and are now referred as Navi Mumbai (South) which is still under CIDCO’s jurisdiction.
Background and Necessity. In Morocco, the transportation sector account for approximately six percent of the country’s gross domestic product, employing 10 percent of the urban population and providing 15 percent of the national revenue through taxes and other charges related to transportation. Within the transportation sector, road transportation plays a particularly important role for socioeconomic activities, bearing 90 percent of interurban passenger travel and 75 percent of cargo. To solve the problem of regional disparities, the disparities between cities and rural areas must be corrected through the provision of basic infrastructures including roads. Sandwiched between a complex shoreline and a steep mountainous belt, the target region for the Mediterranean Road Construction Project (II) presents difficult conditions, and the area lags socioeconomically because of the inadequate transportation network. Constructing roads is therefore an urgent task. Objective and Summary The project will widen and reinforce existing roads as well as create bypasses along the Tétouan-El Jebha interval of the road connecting the major northern Moroccan city of Tangier and Saidia on the Algerian border. The project will help correct regional disparities by improvement of the local resident’s access to economic and social infrastructures. Phase (I) of this project was also funded by a Japanese ODA loan in September 2001. [1] The loan will be allocated to the procurement of materials and equipment, civil works and consulting services. The project focuses on a portion of the wide-range infrastructures forming a portion of the Agadir-Cairo Development Corridor, which transverses North African nations. Executing Agency Directorate of Roads, Ministry of Equipment and Transport Address: B.P. 6226, 00000, Xxxxxxx Xx Xxxxxx, Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx xx Xxxxx Tel: +212 (537) 713-528, Fax: +212 (537) 713-261 Planned Implementation Schedule
Background and Necessity. Eastern Macedonia, the target area of this project, is a relatively dry region with an annual rainfall of about 500 millimeters. This amount barely meets the marginal condition for growing wheat. Populations in the target area have had to endure the inconvenience of frequent water cut-offs (particularly during the summer). The local economy used to rely on heavy industry in the days of the former Yugoslavia. Following Macedonia's independence and transition to a market economy, however, heavy industry lost markets, thus forcing the closure of plants and drastically scaled down production. To absorb the many workers who lost jobs, local municipalities have set their sights on agriculture and new industries. Water shortage, however, poses a bottleneck to agricultural development and attracting new industries. As a result, there is an urgent need to secure a new water source and ensure a stable supply of water.
Background and Necessity. With the rapid economic development of recent years, the number of motorcycles registered in the city has grown to 1.1 million as of 2007 with 130,000 automobiles, a 130 percent growth over 2001, which is a factor in the traffic congestion in Hanoi city, the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The roads in the city today exist in essentially the same state as when they were built during the French colonial period (which ended in 1954). With an unimproved road network, inadequate street width, and poor pavement conditions, the roads are a hindrance to economic growth. At this time, there are five bridges across the Red River that divides Hanoi city in two. With so few ways to cross the river, vehicles transporting freight that should avoid going through the center of the city have no choice but to pass straight through it, further increasing the urban congestion. Given these conditions, building a new bridge across the Red River and improving the ring road for bypassing the center of Hanoi city are urgent issues. Objectives and Summary Under the Xxxx Xxx Bridge (Vietnam-Japan Friendship Bridge) Construction Project, a bridge crossing the river to get around the city will be constructed, along with approach roads and other facilities as a part of the Ring Road No. 2 in Hanoi city, which will accommodate the increase in traffic demands, make logistics and transportation more efficient, and alleviate traffic congestion, thereby promoting economic development in the northern region of Vietnam while strengthening its international competitiveness. The project will also connect the existing central district on the south side of Hanoi city with new development regions such as the international airport and industrial parks on the north side, which is expected to promote development in Hanoi city's northern area. With Hanoi city having celebrated its one thousandth year as capital in 2010, this project is expected to be a monument to Hanoi city's urban development and a symbol of the friendship between Japan and Vietnam. As Special Terms for Economic Partnership (STEP) applies to the project, Japanese advanced technology and expertise are expected to be used for the project. Loan funds will be allocated to the civil works necessary for the construction of the bridge and approach roads, the procurement of equipment and materials, and consulting services. Executing Agency Projects Management Unit No. 85 Ministry of Transport Address: 000 Xxxxxx Xx Xxxx St., ...
Background and Necessity. In recent years, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam has posted a high growth rate in its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) around 8 percent, and this has been accompanied by an average annual increase of 13 percent in the demand for power for the past five years from 2004 to 2008, and a 130 percent increase in peak demand, from 10,500 to 13,800 megawatts. This trend has been affected by the recent global economic crisis and concurrent recession, though the mid- to long-term outcome is expected to be a recovery with a return to high economic growth. Vietnam's Sixth National Power Development Master Plan, approved in 2007, predicts that the demand for power will increase annually by 17 percent through 2015, requiring nearly 30,000 megawatts in electric power development. However, investment plans for the power development described in the master plan has largely fallen behind, bringing a new level of tension to the balance of supply and demand for power in Vietnam, and resulting in inevitable rolling blackouts during peak power demand times. Objectives and Summary Under the Xxxx Son Thermal Power Plant Construction Project (II), a coal-fired thermal power plant with a capacity of 600 megawatt (300 megawatt x 2 units) will be constructed within the Xxxx Son economic zone along with support facilities. The project site is located in Xxxxx Xxx Province in the north of Vietnam, and the objective of this project is to meet increasing power demand in the north, thereby contributing to promoting economic growth and strengthening international competitiveness of the region. Loan funds will be allocated to the construction of the coal-fired thermal power plant, including civil works, materials and equipment procurement, and installation, and also to consulting services. Executing Agency Vietnam Electricity Address: 00 Xxxx Xxxxxx Han Street, Hanoi, Vietnam Phone: +00 (0) 0000-0000, Fax: +00 (0) 0000-0000 Planned Implementation Schedule
Background and Necessity of the Program
Background and Necessity. Although the demand for power in Sri Lanka is increasing at a base of approximately 7 percent per year, the capacity of power generation facilities is not adequate to cover the growing demand, leading to a situation of chronic power shortages. Furthermore, the instability of the power supply is a major factor that restricts the people’s daily lives, restrains investment and hinders socioeconomic activities. Sri Lanka is blessed with a topography suited for hydroelectric power generation as well as plentiful rainfall, and therefore power development has focused on hydroelectricity. This excessive dependency on hydroelectric power, however, is susceptible to fluctuations in rainfall and restricts the areas where power source development is possible. This project is therefore being pursued as the last large-scale and newly-developed hydroelectric power project in Sri Lanka. Going forward, the plan is to expand the scale of power generation, focusing primarily on thermal power generation to achieve a structural balance in the forms of power generation to ensure a stable supply of power that is not affected by the weather. As Sri Lanka does not possess domestic fuel sources, there is a large risk in generation cost fluctuation due to fuel imports, and therefore hydroelectric power generation is desirable to be developed to the largest extent possible. Objective and Summary Under the Upper Kotmale Hydro Power Project (II), a run-of-the-river type hydroelectric power plant will be constructed at the Kotmale Oya tributary (the upstream of the existing Kotmale Dam) of the Mahaweli River with a capacity of generating 150 megawatts of power, meeting the increasing demand for power and contributing to the economic growth of Sri Lanka. The loan will be allocated to civil works for construction of a power plant and other facilities, procurement of materials and equipment, and consulting services such as construction supervision. The first phase of this project was financed in March 2002. Executing Agency Ceylon Electricity Board Address: Upper Kotmale Hydro Power Project Colombo Liaison Office, 000 0/0, Xxxxxxxx Xxxx, Xxxxxxx 00, Xxx Xxxxx Tel: +00 (00) 000-0000, Fax: +00 (00) 000-0000 Planned Implementation Schedule
Background and Necessity. (1) Current State and Issues of the Agricultural and Irrigation Sectors in India In India, 60% of the working population is engaged in the agricultural sector, and 55% of the national land is used for agriculture. As the agricultural production accounts for 20% of the gross domestic product, agriculture is an important industry in securing employment and improving livelihood. Poverty in the rural areas is serious, however, and it is imperative to enhance agricultural production and develop water resources in order to respond to the increasing population and realize food self-sufficiency. Although the mountainous areas have a considerable potential for value-added crops through their diversification taking advantage of the unique climate compared to the flat areas, many farmers remain engaged in self-subsistence crop cultivation due to the constraints in land and water as well as the poor access to a market. That is, the improvement of livelihood in rural areas through crop diversification has not been sufficiently promoted.
