Outline of thesis. This thesis presents three empirical chapters that explore how to reduce asymmetric conflict and, specifically, how to demotivate attackers and prevent aggression against defenders. The following sections provide a detailed outline of the empirical chapters.
Outline of thesis. In Chapter One, I offer a literature review of the texts from a range of disciplines that were consulted in this research. Sitting at the intersection of many disciplines, including religious studies, dress studies, and religion online, the results from my analysis of the primary sources add nuance to contemporary academic debates about secularisation and secularism, agency and feminism as well as the emerging field of religion online. In Chapter Two, I offer a discussion and analysis of the methodological and ethical concerns that influenced this research, especially important concerns given the relative novelty of doing primary academic research exclusively online. Here, I also provide an overview of the primary sources on which this research is based, with the intent of giving indications of wider trends in the more than sixty blogs included in this project, which in 13 Modest clothing is also increasingly produced by both fashion houses and high street fashion, suggesting the power of market forces on making stylish modest clothing more available to consumers. Some of these are explicitly targeted at Muslim buyers, a market estimated to be £100m in the UK alone, but not all of them: Uniqlo Web News (2015) ‘UNIQLO Collaborates with Xxxx Xxxxxx to Launch Modest Wear Collection’. 4 June. xxxx://xxx.xxxxxx.xxx/sg/ corp/pressreleasniw e/2015/06/uniqlo_collaborates_with_hana_1.html. Retrieved 8 March, 2016. Xx Xxxxxxx, Xxxx (2016). Islamic Collections Seen at London’s Fashion Week’. St Xxxx Street News. 22 February. http:// xxxxxxxxxxxx.xx.xx/xxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx-xxxx-xx-xxxxxxx-xxxxxxx-xxxx/. Retrieved 8 March, 2016. Xxxxx, Xxxxxxx (2015). ‘The Great Fashion Cover-up! World-leading Islamic Clothing Firm Opens First Boutique Store in London... Selling Arabic Cloaks, Luxury Hijabs and Flowing Gowns’. The Daily Mail. 30 March. http:// xxx.xxxxxxxxx.xx.xx/xxxxxx/xxxxxxx-0000000/Xxxxx-xxxxxxx-xxxxxx-xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxxx-xxxxxxxx-xxxxx- London.html. Retrieved 8 March, 2016. Xxxxxxxx, Xxxxx. ‘The Next Big Untapped Fashion Market: Muslim Women’. Fortune. 15 July. xxxx://xxxxxxx.xxx/2015/07/15/muslim-women-fashion/. Retrieved 8 March, 2016. turn positions the following chapters in a broader blogging network. Chapter Three, ‘Blogging the body religious – counter-narratives, variety and enactment through writing about religious dress’, is an analysis of how both Muslim and Jewish women’s blogging about religious dress can not only be seen as counter-narratives to preval...
Outline of thesis. To reconstruct spectral CT images, we are required to solve a complicated nonlinear equation. Distinct assumptions might provide us with different models and various solutions. This thesis mainly focuses on how to build efficient models and find superior solutions. The thesis is organized as follows. In Chapter 2, we first review the physical background and basics of computed tomography (CT) and present three classical methods to compute solutions. Since the traditional CT does not take energy spectra into consideration, we introduce the spectral CT model in Chapter 3. We also build a nonlinear optimization problem and implement a nonlinear interior-point trust re- gion method to solve it. In Chapter 4, we switch to the energy-windowed spectral CT model and build a nonlinear least squares problem based on it. An adaptive precondi- tioner based on the Xxxxx-Xxxxxx Hessian approximation is also included in Chapter
Outline of thesis. This thesis investigates the use of matrix functions in the analysis of node centrality. In the remainder of this chapter, we will provide background information from various ar- eas of mathematics. Sections 1.2 and 1.3 present basic concepts from graph theory and linear algebra that will be used in this thesis. Section 1.4 discusses properties found in many complex networks. Section 1.5 provides an overview of commonly used cen- trality and communicability measures, including HITS and PageRank while Section 1.6 discusses the comparison of rankings produced by different centrality measures. Sec- tion 1.7 provides details on iterative methods that are used in this thesis to approximate certain types of centrality scores.
Outline of thesis. The thesis begins with a review of the literature relevant to the mental health and service use of adults with intellectual disability and ASD (Chapters 2 to 5). Existing research is used to develop the research questions and hypotheses for the project (Chapter 6). The methods used for the research components of the study are described and followed by the results (Chapters 7 to 12). Finally, the findings are discussed in relation to what was previously known in this area, how the study adds to the evidence base and the implications of the findings for future research and clinical practice (Chapter 13).
Outline of thesis. The role that the lymphatic system plays in the immune response to a transplanted organ is complex and dependent on many different factors, including the type of organ graft and the degree of damage to the graft as a result of ischemic injury and immunological rejection. As outlined above, the lymphatic system acts not only as a passive conduit system for cell and molecular trafficking, but reacts to stimuli by modulating expression of cell surface and secreted molecules to ensure optimal interactions between immune cells in order to mount an effective immune response. The lymphatic system also displays a proliferative response under certain conditions. The aim of this thesis was to decipher the role of the lymphatic system in transplantation using mouse models of skin, heart and kidney transplantation. It was hypothesised that modulation of the lymphatic system of the donor and/or the recipient would prolong survival of allogeneic grafts as a result of reduced trafficking of donor passenger leukocytes between the graft and the recipient’s lymph nodes in the immediate post- transplantation period. In addition to this it was hypothesised that the lymphatic endothelial cells of the lymph nodes draining a transplanted organ would undergo phenotypic changes as a result of the immune response. In chapter 3, anti-ICAM 1 antibody is used to block donor passenger leukocytes leaving donor grafts, in order to see if this promotes survival of allogeneic kidney grafts. In chapter 4 using a mouse with a conditional knockout of ephrin B2, lymphatics in donor organs are disrupted, to observe effects on graft survival. In chapter 5 the response of DLN LECs to transplantation has been studied, to determine whether they have the potential to influence the allo-immune response.
Outline of thesis. In this chapter I introduced beliefs about the origins of HIV/AIDS in Dabani. These stories provide an important context for efforts to educate residents. They also influence behaviors and expose people to the risk of HIV contraction. As Xxxxx (1993), Xxxxx et al. (2007), Xxxx et al. (1992), and Xxxxxxxx et al. (2001) argue, education programs have shown to be one way to reduce the risk of HIV contraction and increase preventive behaviors. The background information I presented on HIV/AIDS and sexuality in Uganda, evidence the high-risk of HIV contraction that hetero- and same-sex sexual populations face and the need for the introduction of education programs to combat this risk. Below, I offer a road-map for this thesis by outlining the information included in each chapter. In Chapter Two, I discuss the literature on HIV/AIDS education program effectiveness and HIV education programs as a tool for behavior change, highlighting similarities and differences in the Ugandan context. I also discuss the literature on same- sex sexual behaviors and HIV/AIDS education programs for this population. In Chapter Three, I provide the methodology for collecting primary data in Dabani sub-county. I present a detailed discussion of the methods employed in this research study. This includes the different methodological tools used during the travel period in Uganda. In Chapters Four and Five, I introduce my primary research. I provide an analysis of the data I collected through informal and formal interviews while in Dabani sub-county. First, I present the finding that education programs are effective for teaching about the heterosexual transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Second, I present the finding that people do not believe that homosexuals exist in Dabani and that education programs are not an effective means to teach individuals about same-sex sexual behaviors in relation to HIV. I conclude the thesis in Chapter Six with my recommendations for both the next steps for education programs and for further research on this topic. Chapter 2: Past Research on HIV/AIDS Education Programs HIV/AIDS EDUCATION PROGRAMS The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) Uganda outlines six principles to define HIV/AIDS education programs: offering counseling services to people with HIV/AIDS and their families, training counselors for TASO and other organizations, complementing available medical services, sensitizing the public about HIV/AIDS, minimizing the social ills caused by HIV/AIDS ...
Outline of thesis. In Section 2 we will present the Vehicle Routing Problem as well as topics related to it. Section 3 looks at di erent ways to solve the VRP as it has been done previously, while Section 4 is about strategic choices made in this thesis. In Section 5 we present MIP models for the two problems as well as use of exact methods while 6 is all about the heuristic chosen in detail. Section 7 contains the computational experiments and results accumulated from this thesis. The conclusions are presented in Section 8. The VRP is to optimally allocate transportation tasks to a eet of vehicles, and nding an optimal routing for each vehicle thus minimizing costs. The VRP is of high industrial relevance and can arise in several industries. Examples of applications are the planning of local pickup and/or deliveries for transportation companies. A classical capacitated VRP (CVRP) is de xxx over a graph G = (N, A) where N = {0, ..., n} is a vertex set (0 is the depot, other vertices are customers) and A = {(i, j) : i, j ∈ A, i /= j} is a set of arcs. The cost of traveling between customer i and j is de xxx as cij ≥ 0 while di is the demand at customer i. Each vehicle also have a limited carrying capacity of Q. The goal is then to design optimal routes according to the objective, with all routes starting and ending at the depot. In addition all customers must be visited exactly once. Total demand of all customers in a route must be less than or equal to the capacity Q of the vehicle assigned to that route. If the total demand of the problem is larger than the aggregated capacity of the vehicles, the problem is infeasible (if not allowing multiple tours per vehicle).
