Evidence Base. There is strong evidence to support the use of EHCs to support women with pregnancy choices, reducing teenage pregnancy across Barnsley. 1.3
Evidence Base. 1.7.1. With the production of a Revised LDP, there will be a corresponding need to update or renew a number of studies/documents contained within the current LDP evidence base, which underpins the plan. In line with previous AMRs, all contextual, policy and legislative changes that have occurred since the adoption of the LDP will also need to be given due consideration, as part of the evidence base updates. The list below illustrates those evidence base documents that are likely to be required, as part of the LDP full revisions process: • Population Data and Housing Forecasts • Local Housing Market Assessment (LHMA) • Gypsy and Traveller Accommodation Needs Assessment • Urban Capacity Study • Settlement Boundary Review • Sustainable Settlement Hierarchy • Employment Land Review • Retail Study Update • Green Infrastructure Assessment • Assessment of Environmental Constraints • Public Open Space Assessment • Renewable Energy Assessment • Transport Assessment • Landscape
Evidence Base. The service will apply and/or support evidence-based practice and will be informed by national and local drivers for change for example: • Current DoH policy and guidelines, delivery of national key targets & NSF & NICE guidelines • CQC registration requirements • Gold Standards Framework and Liverpool Care Pathway for people at the end of life • Essence of Care • Infection Control Standards e.g. hand hygiene audits • Locality commissioning plans and locally agreed care pathways • The Devon Joint Strategic Plan and subsidiary action and operational plans • The integration of health and social care delivery in Devon through the continuing development of localities and clusters The commissioning specification is supported by the joint Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2013–16.
Evidence Base. The Department of Health proposed the NHS Health Check programme, based on the evidence and cost benefit presented in the Impact Assessment2 document. Modelling work3 undertaken by the Department of Health (DH) found that offering an NHS Health Check to people between the ages of 40 and 74 and recalling them every five years was both clinically and cost effective. Cardiovascular Disease, which includes heart disease, stroke, diabetes and kidney disease are the biggest causes of death in the UK. The national Health Checks programme could on average: • Prevent 1,600 heart attacks and strokes • Prevent at least 650 premature deaths • Identify over 4,000 new cases of diabetes each year. • Detect at least 20,000 cases of diabetes or kidney disease earlier, allowing individuals to be better managed to improve their quality of life. NICE guidance is available for some of the components of the health check and on interventions in associated referral pathways following the health check e.g. physical activity and smoking cessation. Public Health England has produced a briefing outlining the evidence base supporting the mandated NHS Health Check programme4.
Evidence Base. There is strong evidence to support the use of EHCs to support women with pregnancy choices. Pharmacists must have the appropriate competency and have completed the self-declaration in order to deliver the EHC under the PGD. The must be familiar with and follow NICE, BASH and FSRH guidance relating to contraception and Sexual Health. BASH Home Page NICE Guidance on EHCs FSRH home page The service will be underpinned by the following A quality Standard for contraceptive services (FSRH, 2014) PH51 Contraceptive services with a focus on young people up to the age of 25 (NICE, 2014) A Framework for sexual Health Improvement in England (DH, 2013) Clinical governance in Sexual Health (DH, 2013) Service Standards for Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare (FSRH 2013) British HIV Association Standards of Care for People Living with HIV (BHIVA 2013) Clinical Guidance – Emergency Contraception (FSRH 2011) UK National Guideline on Safer Sex Advice (BASHH & BHIVA 2012) National Chlamydia Screening Programme Standards (6th Edition 2012) Recommended Standards for Sexual Health Services (MEDFASH 2005) NICE guidelines on prescribing. UKMEC Clinical Guidance for delivery of EHC by the FSRH MHRA Guidance 1.3 General Overview Spectrum Community Health CIC has been awarded the contract to deliver an Integrated Sexual Health Service for Barnsley until April 2019. Spectrum is integrating the GUM and CASH elements of the service and is putting greater focus on prevention of STIs and unintended conceptions. To bring this into practice we are managing and leading a service transformation which requires a change in the model for sexual health provision in Barnsley. Spectrum is delivering an integrated sexual health service with an increase in both the capacity for, and the impact of, the prevention element of the service. Spectrum is investing in dual training of clinical staff to deliver integrated holistic sexual health services in multiple locations .Spectrum uses various methods to increase access to sexual health services for targeted high risk groups. Spectrum is investing in a programme of education and support in schools and other non-school settings, incorporating innovative delivery methods. The service model will promote pro-active outreach work and deliver a one-stop-shop model offering choice to reach all target groups. Spectrums 3 criteria for delivering the Pharmacies EHC element of the service; The service offer will be high quality, integrating contraception needs with...
Evidence Base. The Department of Health’s ‘Making it work: A guide to whole system commissioning for sexual health, reproductive health and HIV’ (revised March 2015) provides an insight into the financial impact of unintended pregnancy: In 2010 unintended pregnancies cost the NHS an estimated £193m in direct medical costs; and It has been estimated that £1 invested in contraception saves £11.09 in averted outcomes. During 2014 in Cheshire West and Xxxxxxx there were 894 abortions in women of which 424 were in women aged under 25 and 470 in those aged 25 and over (Department of Health, 2015). Typically, in England and Wales, 21% of all conceptions and 51% of conceptions to under 18s led to an abortion (ONS, 2015 based on 2012 conception data). Access to effective contraception, including emergency hormonal contraception, is needed by women throughout their reproductive years. During 2014, there were 112 under 18 conceptions in Cheshire West and Xxxxxxx, a rate of 19.9 per 1000 female population aged 15-17, lower than the England rate (22.8). In 2013 the under 16 conception rate was 5.1 conceptions per 1,000 females aged 13 to 15, slightly higher than the England rate (2013). The Department of Health’s ‘Framework for Sexual Health Improvement in England’ (2013) includes a specific ambition to “reduce unwanted pregnancies among all women of fertile age”. It reports that in 2010, England was in the bottom third of 43 countries in the World Health Organization’s European Region and North America for condom use among sexually active young people; previously, England was in the top ten. In addition to this, the Framework cites the findings of other research reports: Some young people struggled to use their preferred methods of contraception effectively (principally condoms and the pill, which are user dependent); Some young people continue to have unprotected sex when they are fully aware of the possible consequences and when they do not want to become pregnant; and In a recent study, around 20% of young people said that they had recently had unprotected sex with a new partner and only one-third said that they always used a condom. The local pharmacy has a vital role in meeting the needs of diverse communities, particularly the needs of young people who may be anxious about approaching contraceptive services (NICE Guidelines, PH51, 2014). Furthermore, the evidence review to inform these guidelines cites the importance of trust in services; accessible locations and opening hours...
Evidence Base. The consistent and correct use of regular contraception is the best method for sexually active women and their male partners to avoid an unintended conception. There is a correlation between high uptake of reliable methods of contraception and low rates of unintended conceptions among women of all ages and low rates of under-18 conceptions. Emergency contraception can be used if a woman has had sexual intercourse without using a regular method of contraception or if her regular method has failed to reduce her risk of having an unintended conception. Levonorgestrel 1500 microgram Tablet can be used up to 72 hours and ulipristal 30mg tablet up to 120 hours following unprotected sexual intercourse. Copper intrauterine devices (Cu-IUD) can also be used for the purposes of emergency contraception if fitted within 120 hours of unprotected sex. All eligible women presenting for emergency contraception should be offered a Cu-IUD because of the low documented failure rate. For more information on accessing this please see xxx.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xx.xx OUTCOMES
Evidence Base. I. The BUAs will seek to agree on the main components of a Berkshire-wide evidence base for minerals and waste planning. They will co-operate as appropriate in producing this Berkshire-wide evidence base.
Evidence Base. DECC issued its Call for Evidence inviting responses from stakeholders on the 5th of July 2012, with responses to be returned by the 16th of August 2012. DECC received a total of 56 responses, a full list of which can be found in Annex 2. The breakdown of different stakeholder types is set out in Table 3 below3: Table 3: Breakdown of responses Independents PPA providers Industry associations 47% 24% 29% A further seven interviews were conducted by the Baringa team with specific stakeholders to develop and test the assertions made in these responses. Discussions with other stakeholders were held independently by DECC and any further input was received by the Baringa team and factored into our assessment in this report. The stakeholders that were interviewed are shown in Table 4: Table 4: Stakeholder interviews Stakeholder Group Aggregators Statkraft XXXX Energy 3 Individual responses can be found on the DECC website Smartest Energy Small Suppliers Good Energy Generators Helius Energy RES Financiers Low Carbon Finance Group
Evidence Base. Promoting the health and wellbeing of pupils not only has the potential to improve their health and wellbeing outcomes, but also their educational outcomes. For example, children and young people who are aerobically fit have been found to have higher academic scores, with the intensity and duration of exercise both linked to improved academic performance, including GCSE results at age 15 and notably girls results in science8. Robust evidence shows that interventions taking a ‘whole school’ approach have a positive impact in relation to a range of health improvement outcomes, to include body mass index, physical activity, physical fitness, fruit and vegetable intake, tobacco use, and being bullied9. A whole school approach is one that goes beyond the learning and teaching in the classroom to pervade all aspects of the life of a school including: Leadership, management and managing change Policy development Curriculum planning and resources, including working with outside agencies Learning and teaching School culture and environment Giving children and young people a voice Provision of support services for children and young people Staff professional development needs, health and welfare Partnerships with parents, carers and local communities Assessing, recording and reporting children and young people’s achievement With specific reference is addressing obesity, evidence highlights the effectiveness of multi-component interventions in schools focused on improving both diet and physical activity, including: specialised educational curricula, trained teachers, supportive school policies, a formal PE program, healthy food and beverage options, and a parental/family component. Evidence highlights the effectiveness of multi-component interventions in schools focused on improving both diet and physical activity, including: specialised educational curricula, trained teachers, supportive school policies, a formal PE program, healthy food and beverage options, and a parental/family component 101112. For example, Waters et al13 found strong evidence to support the beneficial effects of child obesity prevention programmes on BMI, particularly for programmes targeting children aged six to 12 years. Whilst it is not easy to determine those programme components which are most effective, this review highlighted the following as promising policies and strategies: school curriculum that includes healthy eating, physical activity and body image increased sessions for physical...
