Regional stability The Parties shall intensify their joint efforts to promote stability and security in Central Asia as well as to improve the conditions for further regional cooperation, on the basis of the principles established by the UN Charter, the OSCE Helsinki Final Act and other relevant multilateral documents, to which both Parties adhere.
Regional. An employee who is required to provide an off-site service to other agencies/facilities, for the majority of time.
Regional. This sub-clause applies to a regional employee to whom clause 16.1.1 applies and whose headquarters are more than 100km by road (including ferry) from the Adelaide GPO (‘the regional employee’).
Regional. Divides country into six (6) zones; Subscriber may select any one (1) zone.
Regional stability
Regional. The EC adopted, in December 1986, Council Directive 87/54/EEC on the Legal Protection of Topographies of Semiconductor Products, which establishes a sui generis regime on the matter, without prejudice to the application of other forms of protection. The protection of integrated circuits is also provided for under NAFTA. Arti- cle 1710(1) to (8) of NAFTA parallels Articles 35 through 38 of TRIPS. The NAFTA provisions are virtually identical to those in the Agreement,1008 with a signifi- cant exception: Article 1710(5) of NAFTA1009 prohibits the granting of compulsory licenses on layout-designs of integrated circuits. Articles 86 to 112 of Decision 486 of the Andean Group countries (2000) provide for a sui generis protection for integrated circuits.
Regional. 6.3.1.1 The status of DSB decisions in the EC legal order. In a number of highly controversial cases, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) has decided that, even though the EC is legally bound by the WTO agreements and the decisions of the DSB, neither the EU member states nor EU citizens may invoke WTO rules or DSB decisions to challenge the validity of EC legislative acts.147 This approach has been confronted with strong criticism among legal scholars.148 145 Idem, p. 436, supporting a proposal submitted by the EC to the WIPO Committee of Experts, according to which the election of one organization as dispute settlement forum should foreclose recourse to the other one. 146 Ibid., advocating the accordance of “great weight” to decisions of the other respective dispute settlement organ, but refusing a legally binding effect. 147 ECJ – Portugal/Council, C-149/96 – European Court Reports (ECR) 1999, I-8395 [hereinafter Portugal/Council]; ECJ – OGT Fruchthandelsgesellschaft mbH/Hauptzollamt Hamburg-St. Xxxxx, C-307/99 – ECR 2001, I-3159; specifically for the TRIPS Agreement, see ECJ – Dior and Xxxxxx, joint cases C-300/98 and C-392/98 – ECR 2000, I-11307, and ECJ – Schieving-Nijstad vof and others/Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, C-89/99 – ECR 2001, I-5851. All decisions are also available on the ECJ’s website at <xxxx://xxxxx.xx.xxx>. 148 For an overview of the different opinions see Xxxxxxx/Nadakavukaren Xxxxxxx, The Relation- ship between World Trade Organization Law, National and Regional Law, in: Journal of Interna- tional Economic Law 1998, 91ff.; Peers, Fundamental Right or Political Whim? WTO Law and the
Regional. An advantage of a regional approach is that it helps to ensure that the benefits of the project are more widely distributed, rather than being restricted to landowners and/or those who are most directly impacted. This can reduce community tensions over the distribution of benefits and provides more leveraging opportunities for social development, especially if government can be brought into the picture. However, for regional level CDAs to work, there also need to be provisions that address the particular interests and rights of landowners and directly impacted communities; otherwise these groups are unlikely to agree to be a party to the agreement. Two examples of regional approaches are provided below: Lihir The community development agreement for the Lihir Gold project had its genesis in a nationally mandated Development Forum process, devised by the PNG government to ensure greater local participation and planning, and distribution of benefits. In early 1995 the Development Forum agreed on royalties and special grants that were to be used on community projects throughout Lihir. The government of PNG was authorised to execute the Forum’s agreements with the provincial government and local community leaders. After intensive negotiations the Lihir Mining Area Landowners Association (LAMALA) signed an Integrated benefits Package (IBP) agreement at a ceremony on Lihir on 26 April 1995. The principles of the IBP in the compensation agreement clearly specified that payments be made directly to the immediate landowners but overall development is for the benefit of Lihirians. The IBP outlined a range of agreements and memoranda that covered direct aspect of mine-related developments, including compensation, housing relocation, infrastructure commitments by the local and national governments and the mining company, and commitments relating to environmental monitoring. The IBP also contained provisions for a Village Development Scheme (VDS). Funding through this scheme was principally for housing improvements, water, sanitation, and electricity provision. There was also a provision in the agreement that the IBP be reviewed every 5 years. Starting in 2000, the review of the IBP eventually led to a revised agreement that was re-named the Lihir Sustainable Development Plan (LSDP). The LSDP is a larger and more detailed compensation package, considering in more detail the distribution of royalties, equity, special support grant expenditure, and a range of other benefi...
Regional. All facilities located with [*] miles of each other.
Regional. Only local broadcast required, but national broadcast permitted; for threats with a local/regional impact only. Note: Radio New Zealand is only able to broadcast nationally but will broadcast announcements on an event of regional significance at its discretion. ONLINE CHANNELS
