Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. This FPA will establish a highly transferable model in two different and important ways. First, the Policy Memorandum is nationally applicable. EPA encourages the states to take steps necessary to implement the policy at the state level. States retain the discretion to implement this federal policy in a more stringent manner or to be broader in scope than the federal program as they see fit. Second, this project will serve as a model project by encouraging the use of BMPs for handling LBP debris from residential housing as set out by HUD (see Appendix B). Ultimately, this FPA will create a pathway towards the remediation of thousands of housing units throughout the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and ultimately the nation. This FPA will allow the cost of such remediation to drop considerably as described above. This reduction in cost will benefit private and public owners of residential property throughout Massachusetts and the rest of the country, and most importantly, the children who live in the housing units that are remediated under this program.
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. The replacement of old high-emission vehicles with new, lower-emission flexible fuel vehicles is an idea that is transferable to the thousands of vehicle fleets in the country. In addition, this project could serve as a model for the development of a sustainable E-85 infrastructure and a demonstration of the ease of use and affordability of E-85 vehicles in fleet applications as well as for private use vehicles. Indeed, many of the lessons learned here could apply to the development of any alternative fuel infrastructure. The building of the E-85 infrastructure would allow businesses that have existing E-85 flexible fuel vehicles in their fleet to now use them on an alternative fuel. It may also serve to encourage businesses to purchase dedicated alternative fuel vehicles. The information on the project can be disseminated to interested parties to allow them to see the ease and affordability of purchasing and using an alternative fuel vehicle. As companies purchase more alternative fuel vehicles as a direct result of the observations and information obtained from the final report for this project, the air quality for the Denver metropolitan area could improve. Incentives for others to undertake fleet enhancement projects are available through the Colorado Environmental Leadership Program. These actions could provide significant future benefits to regional air quality. Such incentives may require or be enhanced by regulatory flexibilities, which can be informed by the lessons of this project, and can be applied in the future by the Colorado Environmental Leadership Program. In addition, there may be an opportunity to directly transfer this XL project to one or more other cities.
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. The County believes that if the pilot project successfully achieves low-cost landfill settlement, it will have a high degree of transferability, as it requires a relatively simple technology and a small amount of regulatory flexibility. This project will also provide critical public information about the viability of bioreactors in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Further, because the siting of new landfills requires a significant public investment of time and resources, other jurisdictions in Maryland and elsewhere will be able to use the County’s results to help them implement similar bioreactor projects. The County’s publication of its positive and negative results will also provide valuable data on the performance of different types of injection devices for controlled degradation of waste. Following an evaluation of this XL Project by EPA, and assuming its overall success, the leachate recirculation/gas recovery landfill technology used could be transferable to landfills where conditions are favorable for actively managing the decomposition process while ensuring groundwater protection and gas control.
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. Successful completion of this project will demonstrate this technology to be capable of providing the full chemical recovery capacity for a semi-chemical mill. The parties expect the project will demonstrate the reliability and operational flexibility of the technology and all of the associated equipment. Additionally, trials using other types of black liquor will run using this unit. Once the technology is demonstrated, the industry can apply this at other facilities to obtain better energy conversion, improved safety, and environmental performance. The Big Island semi-chemical mill is similar in characteristics to 12 other xxxxx in the U. S. producing virgin medium for containers. Success and demonstration of this technology at Big Island would also contribute significantly to its implementation in a much larger number of Kraft xxxxx. This technology also has applications for the conversion of non-wood liquors, sludges, and agricultural wastes to energy. Additionally, the energy efficiency of this technology, once demonstrated, will produce steam as a byproduct of the chemical recovery process, which can offset steam generated with fossil fuel. In addition to producing steam, gasification technology has the added benefit of being able to generate onsite electricity as well, thereby offsetting the mill's demand for electricity purchased from the utility grid. By configuring the steam reformer to move steam through a combined cycle turbine, energy released in the chemical recovery process may be harnessed to generate clean electricity. The subsequent reduction in fossil fuel use will dramatically decrease production of greenhouse gases. Compared to average utility grid emissions, generating electricity from a gasification unit will result in lower emissions of conventional air pollutants. Displacing old, coal based utility boilers with a biomass based fuel, in this instance black liquor, will significantly lower emissions of CO2, a pervasive greenhouse gas (GHG) contributing to global climate change. When this technology can be successfully demonstrated with combined cycle technology and utilization of available biomass, current studies show that the energy savings could result in the Pulp and Paper Industry being a net exporter of electrical power instead of the industry importing 6 gigawatts. The studies also indicate that as an industry, successful development of gasification technology would result in the potential to decrease greenhouse gas emissions ...
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. This project contains several elements that will potentially be transferable. If successful, it will help demonstrate that PEMS technology may be transferable to “complex” boilers, kilns and incinerators, rather than only the gas-fired boilers where PEMS are currently being used on a limited basis. A successful model will also provide information to industry on how best to operate efficiently while emitting the least amount of pollution possible. In addition, a successful PEMS model could have applicability to other sources of air pollution including stacks with high moisture content or those seeking to optimize operational controls while reducing emissions. Finally, even if this project is determined not to be successful, it will provide important technical data on the limitations on the use of PEMS on complex, saturated stacks, or areas where further development is needed.
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. Buncombe County believes that following the evaluation and approval of this proposed leachate recirculation/gas recovery landfilling concept by U.S. EPA and the State of North Carolina, many other public and private landfill owners and operators should be able to implement this type of technology. The technology is expected to yield substantial economic and environmental benefits for nearly all regions of the U. S., and, as noted, worldwide. Following an evaluation of this XL Project by EPA, and assuming the overall success of the Project, the leachate recirculation/gas recovery landfill technology used in this project could be transferable to a subset of landfills where conditions are favorable for actively managing the decomposition process and where groundwater protection and gas control are ensured.
Transferability of the Approach to Other Entities or Sectors. Successful completion of this project will demonstrate this technology to be capable of providing the full chemical recovery capacity for a semi-chemical mill. The project will demonstrate the reliability and operational flexibility of the technology and all of the associated equipment. Additionally, trials using other types of black liquor will run using this unit. Once the technology is demonstrated, the industry can apply this at other facilities to obtain better energy conversion, improved safety, and environmental performance. The Big Island semi-chemical mill is similar in characteristics to 12 other xxxxx in the U. S. producing virgin medium for containers. Success and demonstration of this technology at Big Island would also contribute significantly to its implementation in a much larger number of Kraft xxxxx. This technology also has applications for the conversion of non-wood liquors, sludges, and agricultural wastes to energy. Additionally, the energy efficiency of this technology, once demonstrated, will produce steam, which can offset steam generated by fossil fuels. The subsequent reduction in fossil fuel use will dramatically decrease production of greenhouse gases. When this technology can be successfully demonstrated with combined cycle technology and utilization of available biomass, current studies show that the energy savings could result in the Pulp and Paper Industry being a net exporter of electrical power instead of importing 6 gigawatts. The studies also indicate that as an industry, successful development of gasification technology would result in the potential to decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 18 million metric tons per year.
