Life Cycle Impact Assessment Sample Clauses

Life Cycle Impact Assessment. The Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) phase essentially involves two tasks: i) selection of impact categories, category indicators and characterisation models; and ii) calculation of the category indicator results. An impact category is defined as a class of environmental issues to which Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) results may be assigned, whilst category indicators are a quantifiable representation of impact categories. Characterisation models describe the environmental mechanisms that link the LCI results and the category indicators; they are used to derive characterisation factors, which effectively translate LCI results to the common unit of the category indicator. Category indicator results are the summation of the impact of all species to a specific impact category. Table 1: Examples of LCIA terms (adapted from ISO, 2006a)) Term Example Impact category Climate change LCI results Amount of a greenhouse gas per functional unit Characterization model Baseline model of 100 years of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change` Category Indicator Infrared radiative force (W/m2) Characterization factor Global warming potential (GWP100) for each greenhouse gas (kg CO2-equivalent/kg gas) Category Indicator results Kilograms of CO2-equivalents per functional unit The selection of impact categories should reflect as closely as possible those environmental issues that are related to the product system being studied. Two different types of impact categories indicators have been established: midpoint indicators are located early in the cause-effect chain and are the most commonly used; while endpoint indicators are located at the end of the cause-effect chain to represent impacts on one of the three Areas of Protection (AoP), namely Human Health, Ecosystems Quality or Nature Environment, and Natural Resources and Ecosystems Services. For each impact category, multiple characterisation models have been developed. These are usually collated in so-called impact assessment methods; ILCD (JRC, 2012, 2011), ReCiPe (Goedkoop et al., 2013) and CML (Guinée et al., 2002) are some of the most used ones. In practice, the LCIA phase, including the calculation of the category indicator results, is nowadays largely automated and requires the practitioner to choose an LCIA method, and few other settings via menus and buttons in an LCA software. Gabi (xxxxx://xxx.xx/2vtJezc) and SImapro (xxxxx://xxx.xx/2Ozph2q) are some of the most used commercial software, whilst openLCA (xxxx...
Sample 1
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Life Cycle Impact Assessment. The State-of-the-Art. SETAC, Pensacola, Florida, USA Xxxxxxx PM, Xxxxxxxx XX, Xxxxxxx XX (1996) Warning: NOECs are Inappro- priate for Regulatory Use. Letter to the Editor. Environ Toxicol Chem 15: 77-79 Guinée J, Xxxxxxxx R, Xxx Xxxx L, Xxxxxxx Sleeswijk A, Xxx xx Xxxxx D, Ver- meire T, Xxxxxx M (1996) USES, Uniform System for the Evaluation of Sub- stances. Inclusion of Fate in LCA Characterisation of Toxic Releases Applying USES 1.0. Int J LCA 1: 133-138 Heijungs R (1995) Harmonization of Methods for Impact Assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2: 217-224 Heijungs R, Xxxxxx XX (1994) The Flux-Pulse Problem in LCA. LCA News 4: 6-7 Xxxxxxxxxx MAJ, Xxxxxxx UMJ, Xxxxxx XX, Xxxxx T, Xxxx D, Xxx xx Xxxxx D, Ra- gas AMJ, Xxxxxxx Sleeswijk A, Xxxxxxxxx L (2000) Priority Assessment of Toxic Substances in Life Cycle Assessment. Part I: Calculation of Toxicity Potentials for 181 Substances with the Nested Multi-Media Fate, Exposure and Effects Model USES-LCA. Chemosphere 41: 541-573 ILSI (1996) Human Health Impact Assessment in Life Cycle Assessment: Analysis by an Expert Panel. ILSI Health and Environmental Science Institute, Washington DC, USA ISO (2000) Environmental Management – Life Cycle Assessment – Life Cycle Impact As- sessment. ISO/FDIS 14042:(E). First edition 2000-03-01. ISO 14042: 2000, Geneva, Switzerland Xxxxxx X (1991) Multimedia Environmental Models. The Fugacity Approach. Xxxxx Pub- lishers, Chelsea, Michigan, USA
Sample 1
Life Cycle Impact Assessment. The State-of-the-Art. SETAC, Pensacola, FL, USA
Sample 1
Life Cycle Impact Assessment. For the LCIA GWP, CED and the ILCD indicators (Table 5) were chosen. The total value of the summed ILCD single score illustrates the performance of the PSCs. The ILCD indicators with a small impact were summed up as ‘further indicators’ - in total 16 were analysed. The ILCD indicators (unit milliPoints [mPt]) use EC-JRC Global normalization and equal weighting of all categories (EC-JRC Global, equal weighting). This was chosen in order to be able to compare the results to previous studies [29]. The purpose of the points is to facilitate the comparison of the relative differences.
Sample 1

Related to Life Cycle Impact Assessment

  • Evaluation Cycle: Formative Assessment A) A specific purpose for evaluation is to promote student learning, growth and achievement by providing Educators with feedback for improvement. Evaluators are expected to make frequent unannounced visits to classrooms. Evaluators are expected to give targeted constructive feedback to Educators based on their observations of practice, examination of artifacts, and analysis of multiple measures of student learning, growth and achievement in relation to the Standards and Indicators of Effective Teaching Practice.

  • Data Protection Impact Assessment If, pursuant to Data Protection Law, Customer (or its Controllers) are required to perform a data protection impact assessment or prior consultation with a regulator, at Customer’s request, SAP will provide such documents as are generally available for the Cloud Service (for example, this DPA, the Agreement, audit reports or certifications). Any additional assistance shall be mutually agreed between the Parties.

  • Data Protection Impact Assessments Xxxx shall provide reasonable assistance to Client with any data protection impact assessments, and prior consultations with a Supervisory Authority, required under Data Protection Laws, in each case solely in relation to Processing of Personal Data by, and taking into account the nature of the Processing and information available to, Xxxx.

  • Data Protection Impact Assessment and Prior Consultation Processor shall provide reasonable assistance to the Company with any data protection impact assessments, and prior consultations with Supervising Authorities or other competent data privacy authorities, which Company reasonably considers to be required by article 35 or 36 of the GDPR or equivalent provisions of any other Data Protection Law, in each case solely in relation to Processing of Company Personal Data by, and taking into account the nature of the Processing and information available to, the Contracted Processors.

  • Conformity Assessment 1. The Parties recognize that a broad range of mechanisms exists to facilitate the acceptance of conformity assessment procedures and results thereby, including:

  • Risk Assessment An assessment of any risks inherent in the work requirements and actions to mitigate these risks.

  • Performance Assessment 6.1 The Performance Plan (Annexure A) to this Agreement sets out key performance indicators and competencies that needs to be evaluated in terms of –

  • Phase II A small portion of the work for the Phase II modifications to the Plattsburgh Substation will be performed by Transmission Owner, and the remainder will be performed by Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx. A detailed definition of the specific scope for Transmission Owner and Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx including interface points shall be defined during the design phase and, as such documents become available, copies will be delivered to the NYISO, Transmission Owner, Noble Altona Windpark, LLC and Marble River, LLC. The full scope includes the installation of wave traps, CCVT’s and modifications and/or additions to relaying on the MWP-1 and MWP- 2 lines. These lines will be reconfigured at the completion of Phase II to connect to Xxxxx and Xxxxxxx Substations on MWP-1 and the Xxxx Substation on MWP-2. Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx will design the upgrades and purchase the materials based on the outline specification that was prepared and issued by Transmission Owner. The work to be performed by Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx will include both the materials for the exterior and interior installations and items for Transmission Owner installation inside the control building in existing relay panels and communication racks. In addition, Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx will be responsible for the exterior and interior construction work and will provide construction management services in coordination with Transmission Owner. The civil design for the foundations and the electrical design for the cable runs to the control room will be designed by, as approved by Transmission Owner, and installed under the supervision and control of Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx. The equipment will be selected and procured in accordance with the specifications developed during the detailed engineering phase, copies of which shall be furnished to the NYISO, Transmission Owner, Noble Altona Windpark, LLC and Marble River, LLC. The construction of the foundations, structures, wave traps, CCTV and cable runs into the control building to the termination cabinets will be completed by Clinton and Xxxxxxxxx. The work at the Plattsburgh Substation will be installed under Transmission Owner’s CPP-1. Transmission Owner will provide Protection and Controls Engineering, install and terminate wiring from the termination cabinets to the control panels and relays, install relays and equipment in the existing panels, and will commission such work inside the 230kV control building. Transmission Owner will develop the communications protocols and data flow over the circuits.

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