Previous studies. Thus far to my knowledge only Pungak (1976a) has dealt exclusively with the linguistic aspects of Mualang. Pungak provides an overview of the segmental phonology and a preliminary analysis of some morphological and syntactic features. Her being aware of the existence of the so-called postploded nasals and phonological alternation of high versus mid vowels in the language is particularly noted, since native people are usually not aware of these features. She must also be credited for her attempts to produce a lexicon of Mualang (Pungak 1976b). Although not intended as grammatical studies, Dunselman’s works (1954, 1955, 1959a and b) present linguistic data which appeared helpful for my understanding of the language. They provide texts that are very accurately transcribed, despite some inconcistencies regarding high-mid vowel alternations. Especially his footnotes present much valuable information on various aspects (e.g. meaning, word- borrowing, pronunciation, etc.) regarding particular words or expressions. He was also aware of the contrast between words with “postploded nasals” versus those with plain ones. With those published later in Paternus (2001) Dunselman’s annotated texts are the only texts of Xxxxxxx’s oral tradition that have thus far been written down; they are the most extensive documentation of Mualang cultural heritage. Unfortunately, Dunselman’s works are available only in Dutch. Some information on Mualang can also be found in Xxxxxxx (2004). This preliminary work is helpful in providing a general picture on the current linguistic situation of the members of the Ibanic subgroup.15
Previous studies no. Overrun 1 Objective/ Employer’s - - Perspective Feasibility & Phase Of Project Major Causes of Delay and Cost Previously Identified by 3 Design and Engineering Poor design (Momani, 2000) [7] Planning and Delay in reviewing and approving design documents by owner (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 2006)[2], (Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, 2002) [8] (Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, 2002) [8] (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 4 Scheduling Improper planning 2006) [2], (Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1], (X. Xxxxx, 2008) [5] Inadequate managerial skills (Xxxxxxxxxxx, 1997) [10], (X.X. Xxxx, 2005) [4] 5 Tendering Types of project bidding and award (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 2006) [2] Contract management (Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, 2002) [8], (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003) [3] Contract modification (Xxxxxxx Xxxxxx, 2009) [6] Deficiencies in cost estimates prepared (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003) [3] 6 Mobilization and Procurement Preparation before construction (Xxxx Xxxxxxxxx, 2004) [9] Material procurement (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003)[3], (Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, 2002)[12] Material supplier fault (Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, 2002) [12] (Momani, 2000) [7], (Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, 2002) 7 Construction Change orders [8], (Xxxxxxxxxxx, 1997)[10], (X. Xxxxx, 2008) [5] Weather condition (Momani, 2000) [7], (X. Xxxxx, 2008) [5], (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003) [3],(Xxxx Xx-Xxxx, 2008) [11] Site condition (Momani, 2000) [7] Shortage of labour (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 2006) [2], (X. Xxxxx, 2008) [5] (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 2006) [2],(Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, Delay in progress payment by owner 2002) [8], (Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1], (Chabota Xxxxxx, 0000)[0], (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003) [3],(Xxxx Xx-Xxxx, 2008) [11] Unqualified work force (Xxxx X. Xxxxx, 2006) [2] Poor site management and supervision Improper control over site resource allocation (Xxxxxxx X. Xxxx, 0000)[0], (Xxxxxxxxxxx, 1997) [10], (Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1],(Xxxx Xx-Xxxx, 2008) [11] (Kumaraswamy, 1997)[10] Inadequate contractor experience (Kumaraswamy, 1997) [10],(Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1] Unforeseen ground condition (Xxxxxxxxxxx, 1997) [10] Subcontractors (Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1] Shortage in material (Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, 2007) [1] Understanding operational difficulties by the owner engineer Coordination ability and rapport of project manager with other contractors at site Coordination ability and rapport of project manager with top management (X.X. Xxxx, 2005) [4] (X.X. Xxxx, 2005) [4] (X.X. Xxxx, 2005) [4] Inflation (Xxx Xxxxxxxx, 2003) [3] Non-availability of crushers at queries (Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, 2002) [12] Transportation delays (Xxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, 2002) [12...
Previous studies. Previous studies of Alorese oral history mainly discuss themes relating to the history of wars, political alliances, myths, and legends about the beginnings of a given Alorese group. Xxxxxxx (1969) is one of the first descriptions of Alorese 6 See Appendix A for the complete questionnaire. oral history, which focuses on the community settled in northeast Pantar. This publication was the first to reveal narratives about the arrival of people from Java and a war between Xxxxxxxx and Pandai. Xxxxxx (1993) discusses political alliances among several Alorese kingdoms based on oral history. The political alliances were used to display Alorese traditional values in creating harmony among communities inhabiting areas of Alor-Pantar, which experienced frequent local conflicts. This depiction from Gomang is based on the interpretation of oral history obtained from three villages on the Alor Peninsula, namely Alor Besar, Alor Kecil, and Dulolong. Xxxxxxxxx (2006) is a description of oral narratives of the Alorese people living in northeast Pantar. This study focuses on the discussion of Alorese myths, legends, and forms of rituals. The myths include stories about the beginning of the Alorese people in the mountains of northeast Pantar, particularly in the village of Helangdohi. Here can be found a legend about two babies who are believed to be the ancestors of today’s Alorese people. In addition, several forms of rituals related to story telling are described in this study. Wellfelt (2016) seeks to understand themes relating to indigenous history, socio-geographic grouping, local actors, and colonial interference in many communities across Alor Island. This study develops a method called historyscapes, in which various heterogeneous sources are incorporated to understand the connections between local people and non-existent geographical references. One chapter discusses the historyscape of the Alor Peninsula (Wellfelt, 2016:228–287), covering the history of the Alorese people living in the villages of Alor Besar, Alor Kecil, Dulolong, and on Ternate and Buaya. The discussion concerns stories about ancestors and conflicts among communities on Alor. In linguistic studies of the Alorese language, it is usually stated that the Alorese speakers are descendants of groups migrating eastward from the Lamaholot area, which includes the eastern part of Xxxxxx, and the islands Adonara, Solor, and coastal areas of Lembata (Xxxxx, 2010:25; Xxxxxx, 2011:8; Moro, 2018:180, 2019:381...
Previous studies. In preparation for the ToR and definition of initial evaluation methods, we revised various logic models including the “Sciencewise Theory of Change for Strategic Planning” and the Cornell Lab “User’s guide to evaluating learning outcomes from citizen science”. We also reviewed the outcomes of the PLACES Toolkit and the FP7 Citizen Cyberlab project. We also reviewed the EC report on Indicators for promoting and monitoring Responsible Research and Innovation and received additional input from the DITOs Advisory Board (AB).
Previous studies. Approximately 600 CBBCT patients have been acquired in the United States under 5 IRB approved protocols including 81 BIRADS 4 & 5 patients who received CE-CBBCT scans. No adverse events were reported in these studies. Based on clinical data from the previous studies, the CBBCT is comparable or exceeds breast tissue coverage as compared to mammography. Density is readily and reliably assessed. Breast anatomy is displayed exquisitely, showing vessels to <1 mm. Calcifications < 200µm are visualized with greater conspicuity, and distribution can be determined in 3D space. The CBBCT is equal or better than mammography for visualization of mass for conspicuity, border, and sharpness. The non-contrast CBBCT also assesses mass density accurately; but CT number alone may not improve specificity in the absence of IV contrast. Cancer size on CBBCT agrees with measurement from histopathology. Contrast enhancement is needed to further improve specificity. In the Contrast Enhanced CBBCT study, CE-CBBCT has high sensitivity, show greater extent of disease, and is able to detect new malignant lesions not previously detected on diagnostic work up or non-contrast CBBCT [1] [10] [11] [12] [13]. The CBBCT system has the feature to automatically determine the best mA required for the scan. This feature uses the two scout images at 0 and 90 degrees to estimate breast size, density, and automatically select the best mA to optimize image quality while keep the radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable. Analysis based on data from 220 patients has shown that the average mean glandular dose of one CBBCT scan and one diagnostic mammography exam is 10.6 mGy (standard
Previous studies. In September 2015, Xxxxxx Group Australia completed the Prospect Filter Recovery Options Assessment Report, where preferred solutions were identified to address the identified issues with Prospect WFP with regard to implementation of the 2011 ADWG.
Previous studies. Submit a list, if any, of all studies previously completed by Proposer with respect to the Project.
Previous studies. Approximately 600 CBBCT patients have been acquired in the United States under 5 IRB approved protocols including 81 BIRADS 4 & 5 patients who received CE-CBBCT scans. No adverse events were reported in these studies. Based on clinical data from the previous studies, the CBBCT is comparable or exceeds breast tissue coverage as compared to mammography. Density is readily and reliably assessed. Breast anatomy is displayed exquisitely, showing vessels to <1 mm. Calcifications < 200µm are visualized with greater conspicuity, and distribution can be determined in 3D space. The CBBCT is equal or better than mammography for visualization of mass for conspicuity, border, and sharpness. The non-contrast CBBCT also assesses mass density accurately; but CT number alone may not improve specificity in the absence of IV contrast. Cancer size on CBBCT agrees with measurement from histopathology. Contrast enhancement is needed to further improve specificity. In the Contrast Enhanced CBBCT study, CE-CBBCT has high sensitivity, show greater extent of disease, and is able to detect new malignant lesions not previously detected on diagnostic work up or non-contrast CBBCT [1] [10] [11] [12] [13].
Previous studies. The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) completed the Outlying Islands Sewerage Master Plan (SMP) Study in 1994 identifying a few key areas such as Lantau Island, Xxxxxx Xxxx, Lamma Island, and Xxxx Xxxx. The SMP proposed the provision of sewerage to unsewered areas of South Lantau as part of Stage 2 works. Subsequently, a SMP Review Study in 2001 and a preliminary project feasibility study (PPFS) in 2002 were carried out by EPD to take into account the latest trends and developments and define the scope of the Outlying Islands Sewerage Stage 2 including trunk sewerage and village sewerage in South Lantau. The proposal involved branching sewers and providing trunk sewers along South Lantau Road from Xxxx Xxx to Xxx Wo for treatment and disposal.
