Increased Availability of Mobile Communication. The increasing availability of mobile communication offers a number of opportunities for use with cooperative systems. Many of the anticipated benefits and much of the research needed Specific possibility of improvement through cooperative intervention identified zv z zz Forms of z N Specify research needed z the intervention z ) z and range of impacts zzidentified? zz (Y zv to identify same zzz z Do required zzN ) Specify research ) proven technologies and zztechniques exist? zzz (Y zv to develop/enhance and prove techniques and technologies zzz Impacts zzN ) Specify research needed ) zz fully understood and to understand and z quantified? quantify impacts zzz (Y zv zz z Circumstances z z and requirements for zN ) Specify research needed to identify circumstances ) zidentified? zzimplementation zz (Y zv and requirements zzz Techniques and data zzN ) Specify research needed ) zzfozr evaluation identifi ed ? zzz (Y zv to enable evaluation zzz zzY ) ) z Simulation study needed? Specify Simulation Study zz N ( Yzz Simulation results vzz zszupport field t rail zzzz zz N v Undertake and evaluate field trial v ) zzz Report Results D14 Development Identify expertise, specify likely benefit and locate with in the programme Figure 3.1: Project Life Cycle to realise those benefits are predicated on the uses and availability of mobile communications. In order to exploit these opportunities successfully, there are two kinds of origins of commu- nication and the same two kinds of recipients of communication to be considered. The first of these, either as an origin or a recipient, corresponds to the users of the transport system, whilst the second corresponds to the managers and operators. The primary forms of communication therefore correspond to the three modes that involve some mobile element of V2V, V2I and I2V. In discussion of the present theme, we consider these modes of communication according to the recipients. Thus we consider in turn communication to the system, as received by infrastructure, and communication to users, as received by vehicles or directly by users in them. The capture of data by operators through making measurements from transport operations and the extraction of information from that can be used to facilitate its effective management. This can include macroscopic measurements of quantities that correspond to usage such as mean speed, flow and density of traffic. Measurements of usage can also include microscopic mea- surements of individual ...
