Extension by expectations Sample Clauses

Extension by expectations. ‌ In Chapter 2 we have first defined a simple “monolithic” object oriented language which later has been extended to Japl by incorporating the notion of components. In this chapter we will in turn extend Japl in order to get a test specification language for testing Japl components. Again we will extend the original syntax and correspondingly extend and adapt the type system as well as the operational semantics. The formal definition of both, the Japl language and its extension, will allow for a formal definition of the test pass criteria and of the meaning of a test itself, too. For, an important consequence of our approach is that the extended operational semantics will provide a trace semantics for specifications similar to the trace semantics for Japl components defined in Section 2.5. Thus, it is natural to consider a specification’s trace semantics to be the meaning of the test and it suggests itself to define the test pass criteria in terms of a relation regarding the test specification’s trace semantics and the trace semantics of the component under test. Then, a strict and straightforward test pass criterion would be to demand trace inclusion: for each of the specification’s traces there must exist a corresponding trace within the trace semantics of the component under test. Assuming that we use for the trace semantics of both, specifications and Japl components, the same notation [ ·] , we can also rephrase this test pass criterion more formally by saying that a Japl component p satisfies a test specification s if the following holds: [[∆ € s : Θ]] ⊆ [[∆ € p : Θ]] Although the above formulated test pass criterion demonstrates the general idea of our approach, we will decide to slightly deviate from this relation in two aspects due to certain design decisions regarding the specification language. First, a simple but crucial deviation comes from the fact that we will formal- ize specifications not from the point of view of the unit but of its environment. Thus, for instance, a call of a method of a unit class invoked by the unit’s en- vironment is expressed in a test specification in terms of an invocation of that method resulting in an outgoing call label within the external semantics of the test specification language. Within the trace semantics of the component under test, in contrast, this call shows up in form of an incoming call. The complementary viewpoints regarding the unit and the test specification resembles the situation of a programmer...
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