Brunei Clause Samples

Brunei. (a) Overview

Brunei. On January 1, 1984, the former British pro- tected state of Brunei gained full independ- ence. In a letter dated January 1, 1984 to the Secretary General of the United Nations, the Sultan made a statement reading in part as fol- lows: ‘‘The Government of Brunei Darussalam recognises that it is desirable to maintain to the fullest extent compatible with the resumption by Brunei Darussalam of its status and emer- gence on 1st January 1984 as a fully inde- pendent and sovereign nation, legal continuity in treaty relations between Brunei Darussalam and other states. Accordingly, the Government of Brunei Darussalam makes the following declaration: ‘‘1] As regards bilateral treaties validly con- cluded by the United Kingdom on behalf of Brunei Darussalam or validly applied or ex- tended by the former to the latter, the Govern- ment of Brunei Darussalam is willing to ac- cept, on a basis of reciprocity, the rights and obligations under the terms of all such treaties for a period of five years from 1st January 1984 until 31st December 1988 unless abro- gated or modified earlier by mutual consent. At the expiry of that period, the Government of Brunei Darussalam will regard such of those treaties which could not by the application of the rules of customary international law be re- garded as otherwise surviving, as having termi- nated. ‘‘2] The Government of Brunei Darussalam acknowledges that the above declaration appli- cable to bilateral treaties cannot with equal fa- cility be applied to multilateral treaties. As re- gards these, therefore, the Government of Brunei Darussalam proposes to examine each of them individually and to indicate to the de- positary in each case what steps it wishes to take in relation to each such instrument — whether by confirmation of termination, con- firmation of succession or accession. During the period of examination the Government of Brunei Darussalam will on a basis of reci- procity accept all treaty rights and obligations accruing and arising under all multilateral trea- 34 TREATIES IN FORCE ties which were prior to independence validly applied or extended to Brunei Darussalam.’’ Air transport agreement, with annexes. Signed at Washington June 20, 1997; entered into force June 20, 1997. TIAS Treaty of peace, friendship, commerce and navigation. Signed at Brunei June 23, 1850; entered into force July 11, 1853. 10 Stat. 909; TS 33; 5 Bevans 1080. Consular convention between the United States and the United Kingdom. Signed at Wash...

Brunei. Canada Chile Mexico Peru China Singapore Economic Corridor (mostly ASEAN countries) China Pakistan Economic Corridor: Pakistan New Eurasian Land Bangladesh China Bridge Economic India Myanmar Corridor, including Economic Corridor, Poland, Czech, including Ukraine, etc. Bangladesh, Nepal,

Brunei. Royal Brunei Airlines currently operates 12 services per week between Australia and Brunei.4 The Exchange of Notes with Brunei will implement three amendments to an existing 1992 agreement and are intended to provide further commercial flexibility for airlines operating between Australia and Brunei.

Brunei. This oil-rich monarchy has adopted a cruel, new penal code based on Muslim Sharia law that threatens the human rights of LGBTQ individuals, women and minor- ity group members. These cruel laws have been con- demned by the United Nations but the laws remain in force and call for inhumane punishments for the “crimes” of same sex relationships, including stoning to death, whipping and amputation. The penal code applies to all residents of Brunei, even the 22 percent who are not Muslim. Last year, a group of 119 Democratic and Republican members of Congress pressed U.S. Trade Representative ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ and Secretary of State ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ to “tell Brunei to address its human rights violations as a condition before the U.S. engages in further talks.” At the same time, several prominent national LGBTQ equality organizations sent a letter to ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ with the same demand. Pride at Work, the Human Rights Campaign, the National Gay & Lesbian Task Force and the National Center for Transgender Equality called on the administration to insist that Brunei revoke its new penal code or face being dropped from the TPP altogether.

Brunei. 1984 yılında Birleşik Krallık’tan egemenlik kazanan Brunei, Güney Çin Denizi’nde birkaç adada ve o adaların çerçevesindeki karasularında egemenlik iddia etmektedir. Günümüzde Nansha adalarından ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇▇ resifi Brunei denetimindedir. ▇▇▇▇▇▇ resifinde Çin, Tayvan, Vietnam ve Malezya da hak iddia etmektedir. Güney Çin Denizi’ndeki takımadaları üzerinde egemenlik hakkı iddia eden ülkelerin tartışma- ların tarihsel boyutlarına bakıldığında bu so- ▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ içinde nasıl değişime uğradığı an- laşılabilir. Ancak uzun zamandır devam eden bu tartışmaların zaman zaman sertleştiği söylen- ebilir. Güney Çin Denizi’ne kıyısı ▇▇▇▇ ülkelerin son yıllardaki ilan ettikleri münhasır ekonomik bölgelerin birbiriyle çakışması, Güney Çin Den- izi’ndeki egemenlik tartışmalarını tekrar gün- deme getirmiştir. Aşağıdaki haritada soruna taraf ▇▇▇▇ ülkelerin Güney Çin Denizi’nde ege- menlik iddia ettiği bölgeler görülebilir. Güney Çin Denizi’nde egemenlik hakkı iddia eden ülkelerin bölge üzerinde hâkimiyet alanını sağlamak ve genişletmek için uzun yıllardır mü- cadele etmelerinin birkaç temel nedeninden söz edilebilir. Bu ülkelerin Güney Çin Denizi’ne neden o kadar önem verdiklerini anlayabilmek için, sorunların yaşanmasına sebep ▇▇▇▇ bu nedenler üzerinde kısaca durmak gerekir. 1) Zengin petrol ve doğalgaz kaynakları