Adverse Surgical Outcomes Sample Clauses

Adverse Surgical Outcomes. Although entropion due to trichiasis can be corrected with surgery, recurrence under field conditions is common. A study in Tanzania showed that recurrence by district ranged from 16- 38% two years post surgery (X. Xxxx et al., 2005). In The Gambia, a study indicated a mean recurrence rate of 41% at one year after surgery with a range of 0-80% by surgeon (Xxxxxx et al., 2005); and a study in Oman revealed a recurrence rate of 56% three years post surgery (Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx, & Xxxxxxxxxx, 2001). Several unpublished studies in Niger indicate that recurrence is common but varies widely by geographical location. One study, which took place in the districts of Tessaoua, Aguié, Madaroumfa, and Guidan-Roumdji, showed that 29.1- 62.2% (mean 42.2%) of patients presented with post-operative trichiasis approximately one year post-surgery (The Xxxxxx Center, 2010). However, an assessment which took place in the districts of Konni, Madaoua, Magaria and Mirriah revealed that 13.7 – 28.1% (mean 20.5%) of patients presented with post-operative trichiasis, though the survey did not record the length of time that had passed since surgery (Xxxxxxxx, 2013a). A third survey found that 33.7% of the entire sample presented with post-operative trichiasis, with the majority of those patients having received their surgery over three years prior to the survey (Xxxxxx et al., 2012). Causes of post-operative trichiasis and surgical complications can be grouped into three broad categories: surgeon skill, patient characteristics, and environmental factors. While the WHO has issued a standardized checklist of skills trichiasis surgeons must master prior to operating without supervision (X. Xxxx, Xxxxx, Ton, X. Xxxx, & Xxxxxxxx, 2005), this guide only provides general guidelines on skills and knowledge candidates must possess and recognizes that different eye health programs may have different standards for candidate selection and for surgeon training, including the number of surgeries that must be performed prior to final assessment and ability to perform surgery without supervision. It should also be noted that there is no requirement that national programs use the WHO final assessment tool, though it is recommended (International Coalition for Trachoma Control, 2012). In addition, this manual was only recently (2012) officially translated into French and circulated to francophone countries for use, though some countries, such as Niger, have been using an unofficially translated versi...
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Related to Adverse Surgical Outcomes

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  • Geometric visibility The visibility of the illuminating surface, including its visibility in areas which do not appear to be illuminated in the direction of observation considered, shall be ensured within a divergent space defined by generating lines based on the perimeter of the illuminating surface and forming an angle of not less than 5° with the axis of reference of the headlamp. The origin of the angles of geometric visibility is the perimeter of the projection of the illuminating surface on a transverse plane tangent to the foremost part of the lens of the headlamp.

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