Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2007; Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx 2013; Xxxxxx et al. 2013, 2014; Xxxx 1985; TAMU 2016a; Xxxxxx et al. 2017, 2018). All observations of DSL from visual encounter surveys were located in shinnery oak sand dunes with blowouts or shinnery oak hummocks that may or may not be interspersed with mesquite hummocks (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxx 1972; Xxxxxxxxxx et al. 1997; Xxxxxxxxxx et al. 2011; Xxxxxxx et al. 2016; Xxxx 1985; Xxxxxx et al. 2018). Within these shinnery oak dunes the DSL selected moderate to large complex shaped blowouts, with steep sparsely vegetated slopes, few grasses, little leaf litter, few mesquite, low soil compaction and medium coarse sand grain size (Xxxxxxxxxx et al. 1997; Xxxxxxxxxx et al. 2011; Xxxxxxxx et al. 2013; Xxxxxx et al. 2013, 2014; Xxxxxx et al. 2018). DSL population presence, size and vital rates (e.g., juvenile survival) were positively related to the aforementioned features preferentially selected by DSL (Xxxxxx et al. 2013, 2014; Xxxxx et al. 1997). It is unclear how the floristic composition in dunes affects DSL occurrence. Xxxxx et al.
Xxxxxxxxx et al who used the single-frequency Tanita TBF-300A leg-to-leg 33 device on diabetic patients (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2012). 36 38 37 The change-score LOA’s from Table 2 are also considerably larger than the mean 39 40 change reported by the BIA or DXA and are in line with the change-score effect 41 42 sizes in suggesting the absolute changes seen over this short intervention were 43 44 of small or trivial practical significance. However, statistically these changes 45 46 were unlikely to have happened via chance alone, and for many individuals 49 losing an average of 0.8kg of fat mass and gaining nearly 0.5kg of lean tissue (as 50 51 determined via DXA) is likely to have been an important, rewarding, and health- 53 enhancing event. Yet the BC545N would typically not have been able to 56 55 adequately reflect the magnitude of these changes at the individual level. 57 58 59 60 Journal of Sports Sciences Page 12 of 19 1 The strengths of this study was the examination of whether, compared to a DXA 3 reference, the consumer-oriented BC545N could monitor changes in body 6 composition over a short-term intervention using a respectable number (n=136) 8 of apparently healthy individuals (many of whom were ethnic Chinese, a group For Peer Review Only 10 that has been understudied via BIA); it also used an intervention that targeted 12 not only fat loss but also lean mass gain. There are several clear limitations. 15 Both DXA and BIA measurements are sensitive to hydration levels and food 17 intake, and all participants were asked to attend in a state of normal hydration 19 and standard conditions (no prior exercise nor food in the previous 4 hours; void 21 bowels and bladder, same time of day, etc.), but this 4hr period was not a long as
Xxxxxxxxx et al. Case No. 2021-0996-JRS (Del. Ch.); and City of Pontiac Police & Fire Ret. Sys. v. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, et al., Case No. 2:21-cv-08498 (C.D. Cal.); (ii) claims relating to the enforcement of the Settlement; or (iii) any claims of any person or entity who or which submits a request for exclusion that is accepted by the Court.
Xxxxxxxxx et al. Case No. 3:12-cv-00058-BLW (the “Settlement Agreement”).
Xxxxxxxxx et al. Case No. 3:12-cv-00058-BLW.
Xxxxxxxxx et al. C.A. No. 6997-VCN (the “Xxxxxxx Action”), alleging, among other things, that the individual defendants named in the Xxxxxxx Action had breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the Proposed Transaction and that Adolor, Purchaser and Parent had aided and abetted such breaches of fiduciary duty, and seeking, among other things, an injunction enjoining the consummation of the Proposed Transaction;
Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2014). In some countries, only partial non-random knowledge of the hunter community exists, e.g. the members of hunting organisations. However, this can still be used as a basis for a harvest monitoring scheme if the biases and representativeness of the organisations’ membership are understood. Questionnaire surveys are used in some countries to estimate total bag size. This can be measured directly by contact with all registered hunters who are obliged to complete an end of season return, or it can be estimated using a sample of hunters who are selected based on knowledge of their location and activities. A sampling approach requires contact with the hunter before the start of the hunting season so that they know they have been selected to take part, upon which they are usually asked to complete a daily hunting diary; this reduces memory and prestige bias, both of which result in overestimation of harvest (Xxxxxx 1956). Increasingly, these surveys can be conducted using online platforms, although in some cases other methods may be required in order to achieve a sufficient and representative sample of hunters. In remote areas, typically where most harvesting is carried out for livelihood (either direct consumption or for selling at market), direct surveys of hunters may not be feasible. In such cases it may be possible to monitor harvest by sampling markets where hunted birds are sold. Total harvest may not be possible to estimate using this method, but trends in numbers and species composition of the harvest (provided that there is not a bias towards species of greater value being sold at the market) should be. Parts surveys, carried out in conjunction with a sample questionnaire survey that provides an estimate of total bag size, are the most common method for estimating species-specific bag size. Parts surveys can also provide an estimate of the age and sex composition of the bag (depending on the species concerned). A clear advantage of a parts survey is that it does not rely on hunters being able to accurately identify the species, age and sex of their quarry. Typically, parts are sent by hunters to a coordinating body, after which they are collated and examined to determine the species, age and sex of each bird. The Danish wing surveys constitute an example of a long-term operating system where hunters voluntarily send in wings from shot waterbirds to a central laboratory with expertise in species identification, sexing and aging7. Traditionally, the...
Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2006) indicating that satisfaction is primarily driven by overall experience rather than hunting success. Hunting ecotourism for waterbirds is widespread in Europe and Africa. Generally, little documentation of its biological and socio-economic effects exists. In Africa, where this economic activity remains poorly studied (but see Xxxxxxx 2000), there are at least 10 countries where waterbird hunting can be practiced through specialised ecotourism agencies. Almost all these agencies operate waterbird hunting from north Africa, the Sahel region or, mainly, in southern Africa, but there is almost no information available on their harvest practices, bag size, and other data. Conflict resolution through waterbird hunting This is a major issue in Europe and Africa. In Africa, conflicts are mostly recorded in relation to ducks, geese and waders in Sahelian ricefields, where they are consequently shot and netted (Tréca 1989), and with Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiacus) in South Africa, where the largest flocks in agricultural fields are recommended to be shot (Xxxxxxxx & Crowe 2002); further conflicts with this species possibly occur in the region of Lake Nasser where it can be legally hunted. Northwest European goose numbers have doubled or tripled over the last few decades. Countries affected by rising goose numbers include the UK, Belgium, The Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Estonia. Tombre et al. (2013) outlined the use of hunting as part of an adaptive management process to manage goose populations in Norway. This involved three main groups of stakeholders with opposing objectives that resulted in conflict: environmentalists (Birdlife Norway), stakeholders with agricultural interests (Xxxxxx’x Union) and hunters (Norwegian Association of Hunters and Anglers). Hunting quotas can play an important part of resolving the conflict (economically and socially) in combination with other actions, such as subsidies, compensation and scaring schemes (Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2015).
Xxxxxxxxx et al. (2012) produced results on the relative magnitude of temporal (inter-annual and monthly) and spatial (between- waterbody/country) metric variation. They used the estimated temporal variance components to describe changes in the degree of uncertainty in the observed value of each metric for a waterbody, when based upon collecting samples from different numbers of years, and/or months within years. As a result of this analysis, Table 3 summarises the minimum recommended sampling frequencies for the three metrics in three GIGs. Where possible, two alternative sampling frequencies have been recommended for a given metric to give Member States more flexibility in their operational monitoring programmes, but retaining comparable confidence in classification. Table 3. Minimum recommended sampling frequencies for three metrics in three GIGs CB-GIG M-GIG N-GIG Chlorophyll a 3 months for 4 years 3 months for 3 years 2 months for 3 years or 3 months for 2 years PTI 2 months for 4 years or 1 month for 6 years 3 months for 3 years or 1 month for 6 years 3 months for 3 years or 1 month for 6 years Cyanobacteria 1 month for 6 years 1 month for 6 years 1 month for 6 years
Xxxxxxxxx et al v. The San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board, Case No. 37- 2007-00075848-CU-WM-CTL (Writ Action). In this Writ Action, Dischargers alleged that in making the findings set forth in Cleanup and Abatement Orders R9-2006-0101 and R9-2006-0102 the Regional Board proceeded in excess of its jurisdiction and abused its discretion because the construction of a keystone block wall and the alleged destabilized beach did not qualify as a discharge of waste into waters of the state. The Dischargers and the Regional Board, through its representatives at the Attorney General’s Office, have negotiated a settlement agreement in the Writ Action. The Dischargers have agreed to pay $67,000 in settlement of the Writ Action. Section 7 below makes this Agreement contingent upon Regional Board approval of a Writ Action settlement agreement.
