Related Approaches Sample Clauses

Related Approaches. If this thesis were to be categorised in this section, then I would have to define the category of Engineering Deceptive Agents. This area would look into the de- sign, modelling, and engineering methods that can be used to create deceptive or deception-detective autonomous agents. The main difference between the area of engineering of deceptive agents and the areas covering strategies and reasoning of agents is that the engineering approach aims to integrate these agents into more complex systems. This area would not just look at how agents reason about decep- tion, but what causes them to achieve deception or not in a given system. Some relevant questions are: What are the best approaches to model deceptive agents or deceptive interactions without sacri cing expressivity?, How should these models or systems be designed and implemented?, How do we evaluate these systems?, What can we use these systems for?, and How do we integrate di erent components of deceptive interactions in order to engineer complex reasoning agents? etc. The works on machine deception closest to the approach in this thesis are [54], [143], [128], [129], and [217]. In [54], the author defines a theoretical machine that uses Theory-of-Mind (XxX) to formulate illusory sophistic arguments. The machine is represented by an argument scheme. The lying machine feeds information to an audience by exploiting known reasoning fallacies which individuals engage in. The philosophical approach of developing the lying machine has been successfully evaluated using psychological studies of users. In contrast, the approach in this thesis consists in the design, implementation and evaluation of a MAS that is based on solid theories of deceptive communication. Therefore, the approach in this thesis is conceptually and methodologically different from [54] and also aims to offer a method to analyse deceptive machines, independently of user studies. Similarly to [54], the author in [143] builds a cognitive model of deception which is based on human-computer interaction. The model in [143] specifies how the com- puter agent’s strategies of deception should be improved by the agent’s programmer after being defeated by a human in a battleships game. The limitation of this model is that it is just a protocol which is followed by the human programmer in the development of the strategies that the automated agent uses. In [129], the authors develop a framework called FIDE, Framework for Identifying Deceptive Enti...
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Related Approaches. Unified Modelling Language (UML) UML is a general purpose language created by the OMG to support model-driven architecture development. The language was originally developed as an abstraction language for representing software systems but was later adopted for other systems, such as enterprise systems and embedded systems. This was made possible due to the extension possibilities that stem from using profiling mechanisms. UML provides a graphical representation of different aspects of a system. This representation is categorised into three types: structure, behaviour, and interactions. Different kinds of diagrams can be used at different development phases and for different analysis. The following briefly describes this usage: • Use-case diagrams describe the features (end-to-end functionality) of a system. A feature may include actors, their goals (represented as use cases), and any dependencies among those use cases. These diagrams are useful at an early stage of a development process. • State machine diagrams are used to represent different states, the transitions between different states, any guards to prevent an unspecified transition, as well as the actions performed during the transition or in a particular state. This diagram can be used to specify and analyse behaviour at all the higher levels of abstractions. • Activity diagrams are used to represent the workflow of a system or its components. More specifically it is useful for specifying and analysing control flow at different levels of abstractions. • Interaction diagrams are used to specify data flow between different architectural entities. • Composite structure diagrams provide an overall structure view of a system. • Class diagrams show different classes in a system, their attributes, and any relationship between the different classes. These kind of diagrams can either be used for information specification or (with some additional support) used to generate an executable implementation together with the behavioural properties from state machines of activity diagrams. Matlab/Simulink Matlab and Simulink are widely used tools for embedded systems development provided by MathWorks®. The two tools and their libraries (such as Stateflow, SimEvents, and Control System Toolbox) enable users to model, analyse, and simulate a large variety of systems ranging from discrete event, discrete time, continuous time, and hybrid systems. Due to its strong modelling and analysis support, Simulink can be used t...

Related to Related Approaches

  • REQUIRED APPROVAL Any indemnification under this Article shall be made by the Trust if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of the Agent is proper in the circumstances by (i) a final decision on the merits by a court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought that the Agent was not liable by reason of Disqualifying Conduct (including, but not limited to, dismissal of either a court action or an administrative proceeding against the Agent for insufficiency of evidence of any Disqualifying Conduct) or, (ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the Agent was not liable by reason of Disqualifying Conduct, by (1) the vote of a majority of a quorum of the Trustees who are not (x) “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, (y) parties to the proceeding, or (z) parties who have any economic or other interest in connection with such specific case (the “disinterested, non-party Trustees”); or (2) by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.

  • Required Approvals For so long as twenty-five percent (25%) of the principal amount of the Note is outstanding, the Company, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to:

  • Alternatives to Layoff The University may attempt to avoid an indefinite layoff, or to ease its impact, by implementing the following alternatives:

  • Other transactions The transactions contemplated by the Sale and Servicing Agreement to be consummated on the Closing Date shall be consummated on such date.

  • Cooperative Drafting This Agreement has been drafted through a cooperative effort of City and Contractor, and both Parties have had an opportunity to have the Agreement reviewed and revised by legal counsel. No Party shall be considered the drafter of this Agreement, and no presumption or rule that an ambiguity shall be construed against the Party drafting the clause shall apply to the interpretation or enforcement of this Agreement.

  • Transaction Processing All orders are subject to acceptance by us and by the Fund or its transfer agent, and become effective only upon confirmation by us. If required by law, each transaction shall be confirmed in writing on a fully disclosed basis and if confirmed by us, a copy of each confirmation shall be sent to you if you so request. All sales are made subject to receipt of shares by us from the Funds. We reserve the right in our discretion, without notice, to suspend the sale of shares of the Funds or withdraw the offering of shares of the Funds entirely. Orders will be effected at the price(s) next computed on the day they are received if, as set forth in the applicable Fund’s current Prospectus, the orders are received by us or an agent appointed by us or the Fund prior to the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally 4:00 p.m. eastern time (“Close of Trading”). Orders received after that time will be effected at the price(s) computed on the next business day. All orders must be accompanied by payment in U.S. Dollars. Orders payable by check must be drawn payable in U.S. Dollars on a U.S. bank, for the full amount of the investment. If you have entered into a FundSERV Agreement with us to effect transactions in Fund shares through FundSERV, you are hereby authorized to act on our behalf for the limited purpose of receiving purchase, exchange and redemption orders for Fund shares executed through FundSERV. You represent and warrant that all orders for the purchase, exchange or redemption of Fund shares transmitted to FundSERV for processing on or as of a given business day (Day 1) shall have been received by you prior to the Close of Trading on Day 1. Such orders shall receive the share price next calculated following the Close of Trading on Day 1 .You represent and warrant that orders received by you after the Close of Trading on Day 1 shall be treated by you and transmitted to FundSERV as if received on the next business day (Day 2). Such orders shall receive the share price next calculated following the Close of Trading on Day 2. You represent that you have systems in place reasonably designed to prevent orders received after the Close of Trading on Day 1 from being executed with orders received before the Close of Trading on Day 1.

  • TRANSACTION PROCESS The RFQ for this Lot will contain a deliverable-based Statement of Work (SOW). The RFQ will include, but is not limited to: Authorized User timeframes; system integration requirements; and other risks that may affect the cost to the Authorized User. All responses to RFQs must include detailed price information, including but not limited to: hours required per title, cost per hour etc. Travel, lodging and per diem costs must be itemized in the total quote and may not exceed the rates in the NYS OSC Travel Policy. More information can be found at xxxx://xxx.xxx.xxxxx.xx.xx/agencies/travel/travel.htm. All costs must be itemized and included in the Contractor’s quote.

  • CONTINUING CONNECTED TRANSACTIONS RENTAL AGREEMENTS On 11 January 2012, Xinhua Company, as the tenant, entered into the First Rental Agreement to lease from Hua Xin Weaving the First Properties. On the same date, Xinhua Company, as the tenant, entered into the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement to lease from Hua Xin Plastic the Second Properties and the Third Property respectively. On 11 January 2012, Xinhua Company, as the landlord, entered into the Supplemental Rental Agreement with Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx to amend the 2011 Rental Agreement. Details of the 2011 Rental Agreement are set out in the announcement of the Company dated 16 March 2011. Since Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx is ultimately wholly-owned by Chim Wai Kong and Xxxx Xxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx, both being the executive Directors and the controlling shareholders of the Company, and Xxx Xxx Plastic is wholly-owned by Xxxx Xxx Xxxx, an executive Director and controlling shareholder of the Company, Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx and Xxx Xxx Plastic are connected persons of the Company under Chapter 14A of the Listing Rules and therefore the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement constitute continuing connected transactions of the Company under the Listing Rules. Since the applicable percentages ratios (as defined in the Listing Rules) for the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement (in aggregate) on an annual basis are less than 5%, the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement are subject to the annual review, reporting and announcement requirements of the Listing Rules and are exempt from the independent shareholders’ approval requirements under the Listing Rules. Since Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx is a connected person of the Company under Chapter 14A of the Listing Rules, the Supplemental Rental Agreement constitutes a continuing connected transaction of the Company. Since the applicable percentages ratios (as defined in the Listing Rules) for the 2011 Rental Agreement (as amended by the Supplemental Rental Agreement) on an annual basis are less than 5%, the 2011 Rental Agreement (as amended by the Supplemental Rental Agreement) is subject to the annual review, reporting and announcement requirements of the Listing Rules and is exempt from the independent shareholders’ approval requirements under the Listing Rules. RENTAL AGREEMENTS ENTERED INTO WITH CONNECTED PERSONS WHERE THE GROUP IS A TENANT Major terms of the rental agreements On 11 January 2012, Xinhua Company, as tenant, entered into the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement. Details of these rental agreements are set out as below: The rental agreement Date Landlord Tenant Properties Term Monthly rental Payment term Other terms The First Rental Agreement 11 January 2012 Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx Xinhua Company The First Properties comprise three buildings with an aggregate floor area of approximately 7,059.41 sq.m. 36 months commencing from 1 January 2012 RMB70,594.10 (exclusive of water and electricity charges) The monthly rental is to be paid by Xinhua Company to Hua Xin Weaving in arrears on a monthly basis Any party may terminate the First Rental Agreement by two months’ notice in advance The Second Rental Agreement 11 January Hua Xin Plastic Xinhua Company The Second Properties comprise two buildings with an aggregate floor area of approximately 3,374.16 sq.m. 36 months commencing from 1 January 2012 RMB46,103.50 (exclusive of water and electricity charges) The monthly rental is to be paid by Xinhua Company to Hua Xin Plastic in arrears on a monthly basis Any party may terminate the Second Rental Agreement by two months’ notice in advance The Third Rental Agreement 11 January Hua Xin Plastic Xinhua Company The Third Property comprises one building with a floor area of approximately 7,700.58 sq.m. 3 years commencing from 1 January 2012 RMB70,000 The monthly rental is to be paid by Xinhua Company to Hua Xin Plastic in arrears on a monthly basis Any party may terminate the Third Rental Agreement by two months’ notice in advance The annual caps Based on the monthly rentals payable by Xinhua Company under the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement, the Directors expect the total annual rentals payable by Xinhua Company under each of the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement for the three years ending 31 December 2014 will not exceed the respective maximum annual caps as below: For each of the three years ending 31 December 2012, 2013 and 2014 Estimated maximum annual cap for the First Rental Agreement RMB847,129.20 (exclusive of water and electricity charges) Estimated maximum annual cap for the Second Rental Agreement RMB553,242.00 (exclusive of water and electricity charges) Estimated maximum annual cap for the Third Rental Agreement RMB840,000,00 The Listing Rules implications Xinhua Company is company established in the PRC and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx is ultimately owned as to approximately 99.75% by Chim Wai Kong and 0.25% by Xxxx Xxx Xxxxx Xxxxxxx, both being executive Directors and controlling shareholders of the Company. Xxx Xxx Plastic is ultimately wholly-owned by Xxxx Xxx Xxxx, an executive Director and controlling shareholder of the Company. Therefore, Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx and Hua Xin Plastic are connected persons of the Company within the meaning of Rule 14A.11 of the Listing Rules. Accordingly, the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement constitute continuing connected transactions of the Company under the Listing Rules. Since the applicable percentages ratios (as defined in the Listing Rules) for the rentals of the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement (in aggregate) on an annual basis are less than 5%, pursuant to Rule 14A.34(1) of the Listing Rules, the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement are subject to the annual review, reporting and announcement requirements and are exempted from the independent shareholders’ approval requirements under the Listing Rules. Details of the First Rental Agreement, the Second Rental Agreement and the Third Rental Agreement will be included in the annual report and accounts of the Company in accordance with Rule 14A.46 of the Listing Rules. RENTAL AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO WITH CONNECTED PERSONS WHERE THE GROUP IS A LANDLORD Major terms of the rental agreement On 11 January 2012, Xinhua Company and Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx entered into the Supplemental Rental Agreement to amend the terms of the 2011 Rental Agreement. Further details of the 2011 Rental Agreement are set out in the announcement of the Company dated 16 March 2011. Details of the Supplemental Rental Agreement are as follows: Date 11 January 2012 Parties Landlord: Xinhua Company Tenant: Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx The 2011 Properties Xinhua Company agreed to reduce the rental area of the 2011 Properties leased to Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx under the 2011 Rental Agreement from 20,290.68 sq.m. to 15,351.84 sq.m. with effect from 1 January 2012. The monthly rental The monthly rental payable by Xxx Xxx Xxxxxxx under the 2011 Rental Agreement will be reduced from RMB223,197.48 (exclusive of other outgoings) to RMB168,870.24 (exclusive of other outgoings) accordingly.

  • Non-Arm’s Length Transactions Except as disclosed in the Prospectus and to the Agent, the Corporation does not owe any amount to, nor has the Corporation made any present loans to, or borrowed any amount from or is otherwise indebted to, any officer, director, employee or securityholder of any of them or any person not dealing at “arm's length” (as such term is defined in the Income Tax Act (Canada)) with any of them except for usual employee reimbursements and compensation paid or other advances of funds in the ordinary and normal course of the business of the Corporation. Except usual employee or consulting arrangements made in the ordinary and normal course of business, neither the Corporation is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any officer, director, employee or securityholder of any of them or any other person not dealing at arm's length with the Corporation. No officer, director or employee of the Corporation and no person which is an affiliate or associate of any of the foregoing persons, owns, directly or indirectly, any interest (except for shares representing less than 5% of the outstanding shares of any class or series of any publicly traded company) in, or is an officer, director, employee or consultant of, any person which is, or is engaged in, a business competitive with the business of the Corporation which could have a material adverse effect on the ability to properly perform the services to be performed by such person for the Corporation. Except as described in the Prospectus, no officer, director, employee or securityholder of the Corporation has any cause of action or other claim whatsoever against, or owes any amount to, the Corporation except for claims in the ordinary and normal course of the business of the Corporation such as for accrued vacation pay or other amounts or matters which would not be material to the Corporation.

  • Arm’s Length Negotiations The price of the Offered Securities set forth in this Agreement was established by the Company following discussions and arms-length negotiations with the Representatives and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

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