Marine Mammals. Monitoring and General Plan for Oil Spill Response 9310-19
Marine Mammals. There are three cetacean species inhabiting the Black Sea, each of them represented by a locally distributed subspecies. In 2016-2019, their status and distribution in the selected areas designated by the CeNoBS project, in cooperation with EMBLAS, were assessed by aerial and ship-based surveys and observations, added by photo identification (photo-ID) research. Based on comparison of newly obtained results to those from studies conducted 15 years ago, the staut s and distribution patterns of all populations seem stable. Also, present-day cetacean populations are roughly similar in distributions to the years 1976-1987, the period preceding the collapse of the overall cetacean population. Decline of cetacean populations was believed to contribute to the troph ic cascade of the Black Sea ecosystem (Daskalov, 2003; Llope et al., 2011). On the opposite, their recovery may be indicative of stabilization of the marine ecosystem. Thus, cetacean species may be regarded as sentinel species for the Black Sea, and the status of their populations can be used as an indicator for basi-nwide environmental state. Gaps Habitat use and spatio-temporal structure, as well as sex and age segregation of cetacean populations are the least studied aspects of cetacean distribution in the Black Sea. Passive acoustic monitoring, as well as individual tracking by satellite telemetry or other tagging mean,sare necessary for advances in this sphere. Another important aspect, which should be comprehensively covered, is quantitative assessment of threats: first of all - incidental bycatch, and also chemical pollution, oil spills, habitat loss and underwater noise.
Marine Mammals. 9.4.46 Literature review has shown that there were no sighting or significant record of marine mammals within the assessment area. One of the most important marine mammals in Hong Kong waters is the Chinese White Dolphin (Xxxxx chinensis) which was only seen in the western estuarine waters in Hong Kong including outer Deep Bay, north, south, east Lantau and west Lamma (Hung, 2006). The other common marine mammal Finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) was also never reported in the Victoria Harbour and only occurs in the eastern and southern waters of Hong Kong (Jefferson, 2001). There is no significant record of such marine mammals with high conservation interest in and within the vicinity of the assessment area. Feeding Ground of Waterbirds
Marine Mammals. PURPOSE: Carry out cooperative studies and exchange scientific information to better manage and conserve marine mammal species shared by both countries. GENERAL Xxxx Xxxxxxx/Alaska SeaLife Center The 22nd meeting of the U.S.-Russia Marine Mammal Working Group was held March 4-8, 2013 in Seattle, USA with the participation of 8 Russian and 38 American specialists. The next (23rd) meeting will take place in Russia in September 2014. Members of the U.S.-Russia Marine Mammal Working Group in Seattle, Washington
Marine Mammals. As many as 21 species of marine mammals potentially occur in Fram Strait (Table 2-1). The marine mammal species include fourteen cetacean (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) species of which six species are baleen or mysticete whales and eight species are toothed or odontocete whales. Six species of pinnipeds (walrus, seals, and sea lions) as well as the polar bear may also occur in the experiment area. Of the marine mammals potentially occurring in Fram Strait, eight are listed under the U.S. ESA as either threatened or endangered, and seven of the species are listed in the IUCN’s Red List as vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered species. All available sources of information and data were queried to compile a representative assemblage of the marine mammals that may occur in the experiment area for the ACOBAR Experiment. Since so few data were available on the occurrence of marine mammals in the Fram Strait region, seasonal estimates were not possible; density estimates are representative of the entire year. Density estimates could not be derived from existing literature or data for seven of the possible 21 marine mammal species. For these species (Table 2-1), a density of <0.00001 was used so that impacts on these species could be estimated. This low density value is realistic, however, as available occurrence information for these species indicates that they have historically occurred in very low levels in the Fram Strait region. Densities for the remaining species were derived from a multitude of regional sources; in some cases where only abundance estimates were given, areas of the Fram Strait regions where the species had been surveyed were taken from Xxxx (2009) so that densities could be estimated. In some cases, a correction factor was applied to account for the amount of the experiment area that had been included in the survey area from which the density was derived.
Marine Mammals. Critical habitat for Xxxxxxx Sea Lions (under the purview of the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game) in the Aleutian Islands is primarily located in state waters (0-3 nm from shore). These areas are closed to commercial fisheries, and re-opening to fishing may trigger an Environmental Species Act Section 7 consultation and closure of other commercial fishing areas as a form of mitigation. Sea otters (under the purview of the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game) in the Aleutians were recently listed as threatened under ESA, but cause of decline is currently unknown.
Marine Mammals
