MACT I Alternative Overview Sample Clauses

MACT I Alternative Overview. Section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act directs EPA to set maximum achievable control technology (“MACT”) standards for major stationary sources. MACT I standards are technology-based emission limitations that require the maximum degree of reduction in emissions of hazardous air pollutants, taking into consideration the cost, any non-air quality health and environmental impacts, and energy requirements. MACT I standards for pulp xxxxx are based on the average emission limitation achieved by the best performing 12 percent of the existing sources, as provided in Section 112(d)(3). The MACT standards environmental and benefit analyses were partially supported by an emissions study conducted between January 1993 and April 1994 by the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (“NCASI”) at sixteen chemical pulp xxxxx that included nine bleached kraft xxxxx, four unbleached kraft xxxxx, two sulfite xxxxx and one semi-chemical mill. Semi-chemical pulp mill results were published by NCASI in November 1994 (Technical Bulletin #683 - Mill Q Study). The NCASI study concluded that HAP emissions from pulp digestion, brownstock washing, spent liquor evaporation and papermaking totaled 1.96 lb HAP/air dried ton of pulp (ADTP) produced for Mill Q. Additional test data and surveys from EPA and industry were also used to support the environmental and benefit analysis for the MACT I standard. U.S. EPA promulgated the pulp and paper MACT I standard (also called the Subpart S NESHAP) on April 15, 1998. Semi-chemical pulping xxxxx were provided until April 16, 2001, to meet the emissions limits of the Subpart S NESHAP. Because of the promising nature of PCA’s research regarding the Alternative HAP Treatment Technology, WDNR provided PCA with an additional year in which to achieve compliance. Similarly, U.S. EPA agreed to take no enforcement action against the Facility for violations of 40 C.F.R. §§ 63.443(c) and (d) for a period of time in order to allow PCA the opportunity to negotiate this Agreement and secure a site-specific rule. The rule, as promulgated, requires the collection and treatment of low-volume, high concentration NCGs produced by pulp digesters, spent liquor evaporators and hotwell vents. The rule further requires that the control device used to reduce total HAP emissions from the collected NCGs be able to achieve one of the following three criteria: