System Dynamics Modelling introduction Sample Clauses

System Dynamics Modelling introduction. System Dynamics Modelling (SDM) is a methodology for studying and managing complex feedback systems, typically used when formal analytical models do not exist, but when system simulation can be developed by linking a number of feedback mechanisms. Visualisation of the system components is via specific software. SDM allows for complex differential/integration equations to be simply solved. The visual nature of the interface allows for a user-friendly, participatory process (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2011), and can be used effectively as a decision support tool for stakeholders and experts. Constructing, examining, and modifying System Dynamics Models follows an iterative approach, involving both the modeller and the stakeholder/local expert, and is thus ideal for use in a project such as WASSERMed. Starting from conceptual qualitative models representing the system, simple quantitative models with few feedback loops and little detail are built, so as to allow the construction of an initial working numerical simulation model (Xxxxxxxxx, 2006). The working SDM model is then be modified and improved to show the desired level of detail and complexity (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx, 2004). Forrester (1961) introduced SDM in the early 1960’s as a modelling and simulation methodology for long-term decision-making in dynamic industrial management problems. Since then, SDM has been applied to various business policy and strategy problems (Xxxxxx, 2002; Xxxxxxx, 2000). Subsequently it has proven to be very useful for the simulation and study of complex environmental (Xxxx, 1999; Xxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx, 2004; Xxxxxxxxx et al, 2004) and water systems (Xxxxxxxxx, 2003; Xxxxx et al, 2008) in an integrated way, and has been applied at a range of scales from local (Xxxx et al., 2009) to global (Xxxxxxxxx, 2002; Xxxxxx et al., 2008). In order to build a model using standard SDM techniques, system components are described as interlinked compartments (stocks), flows (directed links) and converters (influences) (Ford, 1999). Many specialised SDM software packages have been developed. The most prominent include: SIMILE (Muetzelfeldt and Massheder, 2003; xxx.xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx), VENSIM (xxx.xxxxxx.xxx), STELLA (xxx.xxxxxxxxxxx.xxx) and SIMULINK – an add-on to MATLAB (xxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxx). These provide a graphical interface which adds to the participatory process, and is especially useful for those unfamiliar with programming. SIMILE and VENSIM have both been used successfully in previous EU Frame...
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