Introduction to Databases Sample Clauses

Introduction to Databases. Database Management System (DBMS) refers to the technology of storing and retrieving data with efficiency and appropriate security measures [RAM00]. A database management system stores data in such a way that it becomes easier to retrieve, manipulate, and produce information. The Database is a collection of related data that can be processed to produce information [SIL02]. A modern DBMS has the following characteristics: • Real-world entity − A modern DBMS is more realistic and uses real-world entities to design its architecture. It uses the behaviour and attributes too. • Relation-based tables − DBMS allows entities and relations among them to form tables. A user can understand the architecture of a database just by looking at the table names. • Isolation of data and application − A database system is entirely different than its data. A database is an active entity, whereas data is said to be passive, on which the database works and organizes. DBMS also stores metadata, which is data about data, to ease its own process. • Less redundancy − DBMS follows the rules of normalization, which splits a relation when any of its attributes is having redundancy in values. Normalization is a mathematically rich and scientific process that reduces data redundancy. • Consistency − Consistency is a state where every relation in a database remains consistent. There exist methods and techniques, which can detect attempt of leaving database in inconsistent state. A DBMS can provide greater consistency as compared to earlier forms of data storing applications like file-processing systems. • Query Language − DBMS is equipped with query language, which makes it more efficient to retrieve and manipulate data. A user can apply as many and as different filtering options as required to retrieve a set of data. Traditionally it was not possible where file- processing system was used. • ACID Properties − DBMS follows the concepts of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (normally shortened as ACID). These concepts are applied on transactions, which manipulate data in a database. ACID properties help the database stay healthy in multi-transactional environments and in case of failure.
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