Breast Cancer Treatment Sample Clauses

Breast Cancer Treatment. The Plan provides Benefits for breast cancer treatment, including prostheses and the following services:
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Breast Cancer Treatment. ‌ Clinically, there are 4 overarching therapies used to treat breast cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx, 2013). There are novel therapies in clinical trials such as immunotherapy (Xxxxx and Xxxxxxxx, 2015), which is not widely available to general patients. Surgery has been the primary breast cancer treatment option. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx introduced radical mastectomy, which was the prevalent surgical method against breast cancer since the late 19th century until recent decades. Since then, less radical surgeries and breast-conserving procedures that are equivalent to radical mastectomy in terms of efficacy have developed and gained recognition. Surgery also gives access to the tumor itself, allowing for more accurate staging and molecular analysis (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx, 2013). Chemotherapy remains widely used against breast cancer despite cancer heterogeneity. In particular, breast cancers that lack distinct markers, namely the TNBCs, are presented with only chemotherapy options. Chemotherapy is divided into neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is administered before surgery, while adjuvant chemotherapy is the same agent administered after surgery. The most common chemotherapy agent regardless of administration timing is anthracycline based. Studies suggest that Basal-like breast cancers, which have the poorest prognosis among all molecular subtypes, are more sensitive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy than Luminal breast cancers are (Xxxxx et al., 2007), although breast cancers that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy may have higher local recurrence after surgery than those that did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group, 2018). Radiotherapy is also a common treatment option that is used in nearly half of breast cancer patients (Xxxxxx and Xxxxx, 2015). Radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation to target and eliminate cancer cells. Radiotherapy has been shown to lower both the recurrence and death rate in patients that received breast-conserving surgery (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group, 2011). The combination of radiation therapy and breast-conserving surgery also proves to be at least equivalent to mastectomy in terms of survival (van Xxxxxx et al., 2016). Hormonal therapy has been in use to treat breast cancers with distinct markers such as ER. Hormonal therapy such as aromatase inhibitor aims to block ER pathways that driv...
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Related to Breast Cancer Treatment

  • Sale Treatment The Company has determined that the disposition of the Mortgage Loans pursuant to this Agreement will be afforded sale treatment for accounting and tax purposes;

  • Emergency Medical Treatment I grant the Releasees permission to authorize emergency medical treatment as they deem appropriate, and agree that such action by the Releasees shall be subject to the terms of this Agreement. I understand and agree that the Releasees assume no responsibility for any injury or damage that might result from such emergency medical treatment.

  • Medical Treatment Undersigned understands that the Released Parties do not have medical personnel available at the location of the activities. Undersigned hereby grants the Released Parties permission to administer first aid or to authorize emergency medical treatment, if necessary. Undersigned understands and agrees that any such action by the Released Parties shall be subject to the terms of this agreement and release, including any liability arising from the negligence of the Released Parties when administering first aid or authorizing others to do so. Undersigned understands and agrees that the Released Parties do not assume responsibility for any injury or damage which might arise out of or in connection with such authorized emergency medical treatment.

  • Xxx Treatment We have not promised you any particular tax outcome from buying or holding the Note.

  • Fair Treatment The College and the Union agree that there shall be no discrimination, restriction, or coercion exercised or practised with respect to any employee for reason of membership or activity in the Union.

  • National Treatment and Most-favoured-nation Treatment (1) Each Contracting Party shall accord to investments of investors of the other Contracting Party, treatment which shall not be less favourable than that accorded either to investments of its own or investments of investors of any third State.

  • Reorganization Treatment Neither Parent, Merger Sub nor any other Affiliate of Parent has taken or agreed to take (or failed to take or agree to take) any action or knows of any facts or circumstances that would reasonably be expected to prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.

  • Denial of Preferential Tariff Treatment Except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, the importing Party may deny claim for preferential tariff treatment, if:

  • Substance Abuse Treatment Information Substance abuse treatment information shall be maintained in compliance with 42 C.F.R. Part 2 if the Party or subcontractor(s) are Part 2 covered programs, or if substance abuse treatment information is received from a Part 2 covered program by the Party or subcontractor(s).

  • Corporate Treatment The Board shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the status of the Company as a partnership for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes. If, however, the Board determines, in its sole discretion, for any reason (including the proposal, formally or informally, of legislation that could affect the Company’s status as a partnership for U.S. federal and/or applicable state and local income tax purposes) that it is not in the best interests of the Company to be characterized as a partnership, the Board may take whatever steps, if any, are needed to cause the Company to be or confirm that the Company will be treated as an association or as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal (and applicable state and local) income tax purposes, including by making an election to be taxed as a “C” corporation pursuant to the Code (a “Change in Tax Classification”), without any approval or vote of the Members required, and to make such filings, including without limitation, a Form 8832 with the Service, and to undertake such actions as required to effect such Change in Tax Classification. At the time and following any Change of Tax Classification, the Board shall have the right, without any approval or vote of the Members being required, to amend this Agreement as reasonably required to effect the Change in Tax Classification and to provide for the operations of the Company following such event. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event U.S. federal (and/or applicable state and local) income tax laws, rules or regulations are enacted, amended, modified or applied after the date hereof in such a manner as to require or necessitate that the Company no longer be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal (and/or applicable state and local) income tax purposes, then the first sentence of this Section 8.7 shall no longer apply.

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