Psoriasis: Pathophysiology and Unmet Medical Sample Clauses

Psoriasis: Pathophysiology and Unmet Medical. Need Psoriasis is a life-long, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology, affecting up to 3% of the general population, with rates varying among geographic areas and races.1 Over 80% of patients have chronic plaque psoriasis, characterized by recurrent exacerbations and remissions of thickened, erythematous, scaly patches of skin that can occur anywhere on the body. Psoriatic symptoms can cause physical discomfort (pain and pruritus), and when combined with the psychological effects of the disease often interfere with everyday activities and negatively impact a patient’s quality of life.2,3 While there are many available treatments, these agents each have limited efficacy and/or significant side effects. Thus, there remains a significant unmet need for a therapy that will provide high continuous efficacy and improved safety profile. It is currently believed that environmental factors, including microorganisms, instigate a cascade of events which lead to psoriasis initiation. 4 Once encountered by microbial components, toll-like receptors (TLR) expressed on keratinocytes and dermal dendritic cells mediate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as XX-0, XX-0, XX-00 and IL-23.5,6 These cytokines induce the generation of Th1 and Th17 cells which promote psoriasis pathogenesis.7,8,9 Vascular Biogenics Ltd (VBL) has developed a small molecule, VB-201 (formerly known as CI-201 as seen in some of the figures) a new class of compounds, oxidized phospholipid analogs (lecinoxoids). VB-201 was found to inhibit TLR signaling restricted to TLR2 and TLR4, an effect attributed to its binding to TLR2 and CD14. Consequently, when activated using TLR4 and TLR2 agonists in the presence of VB-201, antigen presenting cells showed impaired production of the Th1 and Th17- polarizing cytokines IL-12(p40) and IL-6 respectively. Given the putative TLR complicity in psoriasis, VB-201 has the potential to be an orally active drug for treating psoriasis. The current study is designed to test safety, efficacy, and tolerability of an oral preparation of VB-201 in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.
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