Market structures Sample Clauses

Market structures. In economics, market structure (also known as market form) describes the state of a market with respect to competition. The elements of market structure include the number and size distribution of firms, entry conditions, and the extent of differentiation. The current situation is much influenced by the centrally planned economies legacy. In the socialist era, the supply chains relied mostly on state companies that produced and processed food (Agrokombinats) and retail chains that distributed it. Marginal quantities were produced by small-scale farmers and sold on green market through informal channels, but generally speaking the supply chains were significantly vertically integrated. The reforms implemented since the mid-nineties, have resulted in the privatisation of these structures and in the opening of the market to other companies (foreign and domestic). Few domestic companies have been able to acquire the former state retail networks that allow them to have national coverage, and kombinats for fresh and processed food production. In this way some big conglomerates for ex. Delta Holding in Serbia or Agrokor in Croatia – have somehow reproduced at national level the vertically integrated models that existed in the former Yugoslavia. After consolidating their position in their country, these giants in Balkan term, have now regional strategies developing retail networks in Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina for Delta Holding, and in Serbia, Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina for Agrokor. Other examples of such 1 2vertically integrated supply chains exist, for meat products for instance. Other retail chains have appeared since the late nineties. Among them, the Slovenian Mercator has open supermarket and hypermarkets in all WBC. Others, German, Greek, British, Italian, Austrian, French and Turkish companies have so far established only on some of the countries, but often fail to scale-up their operation after opening few supermarkets in the main urban centres. The excessive vertical integration and some groups leading position in certain countries result in margins that are almost three times the normal. The retail network in Croatia, Serbia and BIH and other WBC is still well developed, being dominated by small shops (under 100 sq m). The largest share in the retail market in WBC is still held by small shops, that belongs to the network of the big retailers, or that are managed by individual entrepreneurs. In addition, green markets are still widel...
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Related to Market structures

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  • Management Structure Describe the overall management approach toward planning and implementing the contract. Include an organization chart for the management of the contract, if awarded. 3.2

  • Agreement Structure 2.1 An “Agreement” hereunder shall consist of this Master Agreement, the Schedule, and their applicable attachments and represents the complete and exclusive agreement between the Parties regarding the subject matter of the Schedule, and replaces any prior oral or written communications between the Parties relating thereto. Each Lease is effective when the Schedule containing such Lease is executed by the Parties thereto.

  • General structure The General Assembly is the decision-making body of the consortium The Coordinator is the legal entity acting as the intermediary between the Parties and the Funding Authority. The Coordinator shall, in addition to its responsibilities as a Party, perform the tasks assigned to it as described in the Grant Agreement and this Consortium Agreement. [Option: The Management Support Team assists the General Assembly and the Coordinator.]

  • BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES 1. Repair or retrofit of buildings less than 45 years old.

  • Framework Management Structure 2.1.1 The Supplier shall provide a suitably qualified nominated contact (the “Supplier Framework Manager”) who will take overall responsibility for delivering the Goods and/or Services required within this Framework Agreement, as well as a suitably qualified deputy to act in their absence.

  • Temporary Structures Installation of temporary construction-related structures including scaffolding, barriers, screening, fences, protective walkways, signage, office trailers or restrooms.

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