Exclusive Economic Zone. Within this area, the coastal State’s jurisdiction and control is limited to matters concerning the exploration, exploitation, management, and conservation of the resources of this international area.114 Although coastal State consent is required to conduct marine scientific research in its EEZ,115 the coastal State cannot regulate hydrographic surveys or military surveys conducted beyond its territorial sea, nor can it require notification of such activities.116 “[I]n the EEZ all nations enjoy the right to exercise the traditional high seas freedoms of navigation and overflight … and of all other traditional high seas uses by ships and aircraft which are not resource related.” The United States position is that nations can also conduct military activities, such as surveillance, in a coastal state’s EEZ. This is based on customary international law, as well as the contextual reading and drafting history of UNCLOS III. Some coastal states, specifically China, oppose this view.117
Exclusive Economic Zone. If any research is anticipated in the vicinity, but just outside of a foreign country's 200 mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), then a detailed explanation must be provided detailing how the determination was made that the EEZ will not be entered. If work within another nation's EEZ is contemplated, then a completed UN clearance request form (which the School will supply to the CS), along with an abstract of the science work and a map of the locations, must be supplied so that the School can request US State Department assistance in obtaining permission of the host government. Different nations require differing lead times for this process. You are encouraged to contact the School's Manager, Marine Operations, as early as possible so that the School can initiate the clearance protocol.
Exclusive Economic Zone. The UNCLOS followed the perspective of UNCLOS I on the contents of CS and grant only sovereign rights to coastal States on the seabed and under the subsoil hence leaving the suprajacent water column and air space out. The UNCLOS presented a new maritime 118 Ibid. Article 280. zone EEZ to cover some sovereign rights of the coastal States in the water column, over the seabed and under the subsoil up to but not exceedingly 200 nm. Article 56(1) of the UNCLOS sets forth as of its definition of EEZ and rights given to the coastal States as119:
Exclusive Economic Zone. 1. In the area between the Indonesian archipelago and continental Australia the boundary between the area of exclusive economic zone that is adjacent to and appertains to the Republic of Indonesia and the area of exclusive economic zone that is adjacent to and appertains to Australia is the Line:
Exclusive Economic Zone. The idea of an exclusive economic zone is that the coastal state has the right to extend its economic control to large areas adjacent to its shores, where it has the right to explore and exploit unilaterally the living and non-living wealth of that area. In 1983, Egypt ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and reached to the Declaration of ratification stating that from the day on which it ratified the Convention, sovereignty rights shall be exercised over the exclusive economic zone adjacent to the territorial sea in the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea likewise. With Parts 5 and 6 of the Convention, the right to explore and exploit the seabed, groundwater and contiguous waters, for living or non-living resources, to establish structures, or all other activities relating to the exercise of their rights. Interestingly, the announcement did not specify exactly the breadth of the exclusive economic zone. 3.6.1
