CO2 Clause Samples
The CO2 clause establishes requirements or standards related to carbon dioxide emissions within a contract. Typically, this clause may set limits on allowable CO2 emissions, require reporting of emissions data, or mandate the use of specific technologies or practices to reduce carbon output. For example, it might obligate a supplier to ensure that their manufacturing processes do not exceed a certain CO2 threshold or to provide regular documentation of their emissions. The core function of this clause is to promote environmental responsibility and compliance with regulatory or sustainability goals by clearly defining expectations around carbon emissions.
CO2 emissions The production of silicon requires use of fossile and biological carbon-sources. Referring to D.2.6, the total amount of CO2 released per ton Si produced from the electric arc furnace is 6100 kg. The emission from one single furnace is 25 000 ton Si * 6100 kg CO2/ton Si = 152.5 kt/year per furnace. With the new methodologies developed in the RECOBA-project, the output from the furnace + refining process is increased without using extra carbon. The same amount of CO2 is produced, but the specific emission is reduced to 152.5 kt/year / 26250 ton = 5800 kg CO2/ton Si produced. This represents a decrease of 5% in the specific CO2-emissons from silicon plants. For Elkem and its European production sites, the savings in CO2-emissions will be 125 000 metric tons Si (producing CO2) * 300 kg CO2 per ton Si produced = 37.5 Thus, the savings in CO2-emissions will be 37.5 kton/year for Elkem in Europe. These savings are assuming that the electricity needed for the production is “green”. For a non-renewable electricity generation, these savings will be even higher. For a typical energy mix, the CO2-emission is about 600 kg/MWh. With energy savings of 70 GWh/year (see previous section), the CO2-savings are estimated to an additional 42 kt/year for non-renewable electricity production.
CO2. The symbols correspond to experimental data and the solid lines correspond to the fit to the ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ model.
CO2. (a) SD shall cause all CO2 delivered to Oxy at the Legacy Plant Delivery Points to meet the specifications as shown on Exhibit E.
(b) Off-Spec CO2
(i) Oxy shall have no obligation to take delivery of Legacy Plant Oxy CO2 that is not consistent (on a composite basis) with the specification as shown on Exhibit E (such CO2, “Off-Spec CO2”); provided that, to the extent the CO2 transportation pipeline to be utilized by either Party will not accept such CO2 for transport, such CO2 shall constitute Off-Spec CO2. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (A) Oxy shall use commercially reasonable efforts to blend Legacy Plant Oxy CO2 with Century Plant CO2 to meet CO2 pipeline specifications and (B) Oxy shall use commercially reasonable efforts to accept Off-Spec CO2. Any such CO2 accepted in writing by Oxy for delivery shall, to the extent delivered, be deemed to have been Properly Nominated and Delivered by SD to Oxy for purposes of this Agreement.
(ii) SD shall give Oxy reasonable prior written notice of any Off-Spec CO2 that SD anticipates wanting to deliver to Oxy. Any Off-Spec CO2 not explicitly accepted in writing for delivery by Oxy shall not be deemed to have been delivered to Oxy for purposes of Section 4.1, and SD shall be liable for any damage caused by such Off-Spec CO2 not explicitly accepted by Oxy. To the extent Oxy’s acceptance of Off-Spec CO2 impacts Oxy’s ability to perform Oxy’s obligations pursuant to this Agreement, Oxy’s obligations under this Agreement shall be adjusted to reflect the full extent of such impact, as determined by the Parties.
CO2. Climate effects: The incentive effect of European emissions trading is marginal due to the drop in prices – CO2 allowances that once traded for €30 have declined to junk status, with prices in the single digits. A high CO2 price was intended to make coal power and aluminum production more costly in order to promote climate-friendly technolo- ▇▇▇▇. Yet, the opposite happened: A glut of generation capacity has caused the market price of electricity to drop. Coal is cheap, and so gas plants are shut down first. This is a declaration of bankruptcy for climate protection and a terrible development for the electric- ity market, which relies on highly flexible gas plants to complement the increasing share of renew- ▇▇▇▇▇. Despite its lack of incentive effect, emissions trading is set to remain the EU’s central climate pro- tection instrument after 2020. As a consequence of the Paris Agreement, climate protection certificates (“mitigation outcomes”) could soon be traded globally – opening a whole new dimension of worldwide offset- ting. (p. 14) an air traffic was included in 2012, major sectors such as agriculture and road traffic have still not been taken into account. Energy-intensive materials such as alumi- num are still inexpensive and are being mass-produced despite the high energy consumption this entails. At the same time, airports are being expanded throughout Europe – to the detriment of the local populations and ecosystems.
CO2. Gas The raw carbon dioxide gas produced as a by product of the production of ethanol at the Plant.
CO2. Climate effects: The incentive effect of European emissions trading is marginal due to the drop in prices – CO2 allowances that once traded for €30 have declined to junk status, with prices in the single digits. A high CO2 price was intended to make coal power and aluminum production more costly in order to promote climate-friendly technolo- ▇▇▇▇. Yet, the opposite happened: A glut of generation capacity has caused the market price of electricity to drop. Coal is cheap, and so gas plants are shut down first. This is a declaration of bankruptcy for climate protection and a terrible development for the electric- ity market, which relies on highly flexible gas plants to complement the increasing share of renew-
CO2. The symbols correspond to experimental data and the solid lines correspond to the fit to the ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ model. OMYACARB 10 BE 100% CO2 1.0 0.8 0.8 X X 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 Δt (min) 0.0 Δt (min) Figure 19 – X vs time plot for OMYACARB 10 BE. Calcination was carried out at different temperatures under pure CO2. Figure 20 – X vs time plot for OMYACARB 10 BE calcined at 935 °C, 940 °C, 950 °C and 960 °C under pure CO2. The symbols correspond to experimental data and the solid lines correspond to the fit to the ▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ model.