Background to the experiments Sample Clauses

Background to the experiments. The evolution of permeability in geothermal reservoirs is strongly affected by interactions between the host rock and the fluids flowing through xxx xxxx’x permeable pathways. Precipitation of secondary mineral phases, the products of fluid-rock interactions, within the fracture network can significantly reduce the permeability of the overall system, whereas mineral dissolution can enhance reservoir permeability. The coupling between these two competing processes dictate the long-term productivity and lifetime of geothermal reservoirs. In this study, we simulate the physicochemical conditions within a geothermal reservoir from induced fracturing, to the final, precipitation or “clogging” stage. Geothermal systems can be hosted by different types of rock and are most common in volcanic systems in which the geothermal gradients are high. However, the development of engineered geothermal systems has widened the type of rock in which this natural resource is hosted. For example, in the UK, the Cornubian batholith in SW England, shows especially high heat flow values with a peak mean value of 117 mW m-2. In particular, the high concentrations of uranium, thorium and potassium isotopes (238U, 235U, 232Th and 40K) in this granitic intrusion are responsible for the production of heat, creating a lithologically-controlled geothermal area with one of the highest geothermal gradients in the UK (Fig. 1a). The Cornubian batholith is a granitic body outcropping in several locations in Cornwall. It is a promising target for geothermal energy generation. The Carnmenellis granite is one of these outcropping igneous bodies and part of a sequence of late- to post-orogenic magmatism events related to the Variscan Orogeny. Intense deformation during the late Carboniferous to early Permian during the Variscan Orogeny shaped the main compressional features in the area, while a following extensional regime generated late- to post-Variscan extensional faulting associated with many of the mineralisation events in Cornwall. The Carnmenellis intrusion has been the target formation of geothermal projects including the Hot Dry Rock (HDR) project completed in the 1980s and the ongoing United Downs Deep Geothermal (UDDG) project. The current United Downs Deep Geothermal Project (UDDGP), which collaborates with the S4CE consortium, targets the Porthtowan Fault Zone (PTF, Fig. 1b)., a permeable geological structure in the Carnmenellis granite which lies about 800 m to the west of the Unite...
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