Annex 1: Master Curve and Damage Thresholds Sample Clauses

Annex 1: Master Curve and Damage Thresholds. The failure of a structure occurs when the damage that it has accumulated reaches a critical threshold above which it can no longer support the applied stresses. In the case of a carbon fibre filament wound pressure vessel the loads are almost completely supported by the fibres and they must break in a burst test for complete failure to occur. Burst tests allow the damage threshold level in a simple burst test to be experimentally determined and quantified using the acoustic emission technique. Under steady or constant amplitude cyclic loads, lower than the burst strength, fibre breaks accumulate, after initial loading, due to relaxation of the matrix and subsequent additional overloading of fibres. The rate of fibre breaks under these conditions can be described analytically or in greater detail by the multi-scale model of damage accumulation which has been developed. In this way a master curve relating damage accumulation to time under load can be drawn and extrapolated to the point where it reaches a designated damage threshold level, as shown in Figure 7. As, in service, the pressure vessel will be subjected to loads less than the burst pressure the damage threshold level for complete failure is, as a consequence, raised, as illustrated in Figure 8. This and means that the burst threshold level can be used as a conservative critical damage level and the master curve used as a means of determining minimum lifetimes of the structures. Figure
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