Common use of Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals Clause in Contracts

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Accelerate commercialization of low-cost and energy-dense EV batteries, advancing Recipient’s lithium-metal battery product from TRL 4 to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs 6, in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs goals including 100% EV sales by generating cheap net2035 and 100% carbon-metered free electricity by 2045 • Build a production readiness plan that de-risks commercial scale up of low-cost and energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification -dense lithium battery manufacturing in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. California Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit of relaxed range anxiety and reduced up-front cost of electric vehicles (EVs) while paving the way to greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating accelerating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste 100% decarbonized electricity grid. Electrified public transit and generating cheap energyconsumer owned plug-in EVs can be employed as grid-stabilizing agents connected by smart charging systems. This demand will increase safety implementation of vehicle-to-grid controlled charging, both single- and bi-directional, can improve electricity grid efficiency by creating an economic driver optimizing charging times to support forest thinning, thus reducing level out peak ramping and reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs need for ratepayersmore conventional baseload generation. Additionally, “spent” EV battery packs are emerging as promising low-cost, second-life grid- storage assets. An estimated $12 billion needed by 2025 to finance construction of >7 GW of new natural gas plants for mitigating renewable intermittency (e.g., the ability Duck Curve) could be saved by integrating 1.5M EVs into California’s grid, preventing unnecessary burden to ratepayers. By lowering the cost of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billionbattery storage below $100/kWh, Recipient’s lithium-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ battery product will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome lower barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasificationEV adoption, helping drive uptake California reach milestones of the undersubscribed BioMAT Zero Emission Vehicle program and increasing reducing consumer energy bills by broadening the potential for mass commercial deployment base of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers ratepayers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of include large EV 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Codefleets. Lowered financial burden from utility bills will ensure that all Californians can enjoy the same access to renewable and efficient energy and the commensurate health and safety benefits. As renewable energy generation increases across the electric grid, Section 25711.5(a) also requires so too does the need for system flexibility, both daily and seasonally. In aiding renewables to displace conventional generation, improved EV batteries will directly deliver progress toward EPIC-funded projects ’s goals to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and advance clean energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitstechnologies.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Transition the California new home construction market to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model HPA and HPW construction practices. • Prepare workers for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) employment, provide skills for renewable bioenergy projectscareer advancement, and increase the supply of workers with the skills needed to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout install HPA and HPW assemblies. • Ease the state; ● Reduce energy costs cost burden and risks to California businesses to make significant changes to construction practices. • Encourage early adoption of HPA and HPW resulting in Zero Net Energy (ZNE)-ready envelope design. 2 Requirements adopted by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteCalifornia Energy Commission on June 11, 2015. Ratepayer Benefits:2 Benefits:3 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliabilityreliability due to reduced peak heating, lower costsventilation, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energyair conditioning (HVAC) loads on the grid. This benefit is provided by constructing homes with lower peak cooling demand resulting from better insulation of ducts and living space. The Agreement will increase safety by creating an economic driver also result in lower electricity rates and costs to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyAs demands for expensive peak power production are reduced through improvements to wall and attic insulation, the ability of IOUs overall generation costs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (utilities will be lowered and hence by savings will be passed on to ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase costs of home ownership will be lowered due to more efficient home envelope designs, which result in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up lower utility bills throughout life of the home, as well as lower initial purchase price due to builder cost savings resulting from process and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up technological improvements to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandconstruction practice. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 Breakthroughs:4 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE providing training on successful implementation of distributed gasificationHPA and HPW construction techniques that are not yet widely deployed in California. By involving builders, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technologymanufacturers, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms market actors in early adoption of disposalHPA and HPW systems in California, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential the Agreement will create a space for collaborative development of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbonnew HPA and HPW approaches prior to code enforcement deadlines, resulting in real-world cost-effective advancements in ZNE-ready envelope design, which is what removes a major barrier to meeting the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the stateState’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Demonstrate a technology that can substantially increase volatile solids breakdown resulting in increased biogas yield from food and organic wastes. • Demonstrate how the combined technologies of thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion can work together to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide produce a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy product that is significantly free of inorganic contamination (+99% contaminate free) that will not cause serious upsets to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projectsanaerobic digestion, and demonstrate a new depackaging technology that produces a near contaminate free digester feedstock from source-separated organics processing. • Digest the organic fraction, converting it into gas and ultimately energy. • Demonstrate that it is possible to meet divert organics from landfill economically and achieve California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap netdiversion goals and revitalize under-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification utilized assets in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteWWT. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, reliability and lower costs, and increased safety by creating costs by: • Demonstrating a strong market demand for forestry biomass technology that both diverts organic waste and generating cheap energyproduces low-cost renewable electricity. This demand • Combining activities of organic process and anaerobic digestion that will increase safety yield greater biogas generation and utilization which can have a positive impact to rate payers through reduced, or delayed, rate increases by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investorproviding a low-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs cost renewable electricity for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandrate payers. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas By successfully demonstrating the combined technologies of this project, WWT operators will have greater confidence in working with organic generators and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bioprocessors for accepting feedstock material suitable for co-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project developmentdigestion. Additional Co-benefits: ● • Annual electricity and thermal savingssavings (kilowatt-hours and therms) • Flexible generation (ability to ramp up and down in response to solar and wind intermittency); ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● and/or • Energy cost infrastructure reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk• Better use of effluent waters • Reduction in the amount of biomass that goes to landfills; ● Local • Net local air quality benefits; ● and • Water use and/or cost reductions (through energy savings); and ● • Watershed benefits.benefits • Supporting Healthy Soils Initiative

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Design and develop a hybrid-powered area lighting pole/luminaire that includes a flexible solar panel and battery as the primary energy source but also has a grid Alternating Current backup. • Demonstrate the new multi-feature lighting product in low-income or disadvantaged communities in California IOU electric service areas and measure illuminance and energy consumption during on and off-peak periods. • Provide a means of delivering light to communities regardless of the state of the grid using battery storage or regardless of the charge state of the batteries because grid power is available as backup for improved lighting conditions and resiliency during power failures. • Deliver luminaire-level control to area lighting by use of motion, dimming, photosensor and wireless controls integrated into the luminaire to provide further reduction in energy used and prolonging battery charge level and assess demand response (DR) potential. • Evaluate the ability for net metering of the hybrid luminaire to provide excess electricity back to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wastegrid. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will may result in the ratepayer benefits through developing a product that provides effective lighting that can remove most of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energythe exterior area lighting load from the grid. This demand will increase safety could help reduce the amount of non-renewable, electric grid power required at night. If this technology is deployed for all outdoor lighting in CA, an estimated 4,000 GWh of electricity could be offset per year which equates to 132,000 tons of carbon dioxide2 emission reduction. By reducing electric utility bills, the developed technology may allow building owners and housing community operators to reinvest the energy cost savings to other services for their community. This technology may also benefit residents and small business owners by creating an economic driver reducing operating cost while having effective lighting. The motion controls aim to support forest thinningramp up the lights to full brightness when motion is detected, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)energy use. The PT+’s significant increase improved lighting could result in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW)reduction in glare, and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandimproved visibility for drivers. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to Specific technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathwaysfeatures include: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code• creation of a battery charging system for exterior area lighting that prioritizes renewable energy charging but can charge with the grid as a backup during off-peak hours or when cost advantageous • addition of light dimming, Section 25711.5(amotion sensing, photo sensing and scheduling to reduce battery size while lowering the cost of solar lighting systems • integration of low-glare, motion-sensing, smart-grid-enabled, renewable energy powered LED luminaires for enhanced safety and reliability while reducing installation and maintenance cost compared to pole-top solar designs Few (if any) also requires EPICcompanies have demonstrated a grid-funded projects tied, solar lighting retrofit solution. This project aims to lead bring renewable energy benefits to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent existing exterior lights by minimizing the achievement size of the state’s statutory required solar and energy goalsbattery solution, which directly results in lower cost. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scaleFurthermore, the PT+ will result wrap- around solar panel design allows for faster installation, lower maintenance, and lower cost than pole-top mounted solar designs. Integration of motion sensors and dimming controls into the hybrid powered LED luminaire could reduce battery size. Typical battery sizes are designed provide power for five days in the creation event of thousands bad weather. This project aims to reduce the battery size to provide power for two days due to the availability of jobs across multiple sectorsthe grid to provide backup charging. With the goal of minimizing any grid electricity consumption during peak and partial periods (e.g., including manufacturing2:00 pm to 11:00 pm), feedstock supply chain (harvestingthe project team aims to implement automated switching controls to keep the battery charging in the middle of the day, processingwhen it is cost advantageous and whether solar is available or not. Furthermore, embedded sensors could monitor and report energy data and air quality, and transportation)to respond individually or as a group to people activity. This allows the hybrid luminaires to be remotely monitored, equipment operation, constructioncontrolled, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsscheduled.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Identify and overcome the operational and technical hurdles that may arise during a field-demonstration of the OXYPYR-LEAF oxygen-natural gas combustion technology; providing valuable insights which will guide decisions as the project team moves towards impending commercialization efforts • Prove, via independent third-party monitoring and verification (M&V), the ability of the system to achieve the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding stated performance objectives, while operating under real-world conditions at an end-user facility • Validate the ability of the OXYPYR-LEAF combustion system to maintain robust and scaling proactive forestry management reliable operation throughout an extended performance monitoring period of at least 12 months • Demonstrate the benefits of the OXYPYR-LEAF combustion technology in terms of providing reduced natural gas use and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy costs without increasing emissions • Disseminate the findings of this demonstration project and provide technology transfer to spur uptake industrial and commercial markets in California in order to increase public awareness and adoption of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projectsthe OXYPYR-LEAF combustion technology, and reduce natural gas consumption • Facilitate efforts to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout transition the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap netOXYPYR-metered energy; ● Accelerate LEAF technology to a more broadly accepted product offering to be deployed in the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; California industrial and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. commercial market segments Ratepayer Benefits:2 Benefits: This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit of greater electricity reliabilitylower costs by providing the means to make oxygen-natural gas combustion cost effective with a real payback period of under 10 years for many industrial furnaces. This breakthrough, lower costsnot possible with other technology, is possible because the subcontractor’s OXYPYR-LEAF burner provides flexibility not currently available in other burners. The OXYPYR-LEAF burner provides uniform heat distribution to improve efficiency, can operate with any level of oxygen from air to pure oxygen to reduce oxygen cost, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste can enable furnace increases in production rate and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk lower combustion costs per ton of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. product Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 Breakthroughs: This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially lowering the cost and payback period of adopting energy- saving and emissions reducing the LCOE oxygen-natural gas combustion in a number of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsindustrial furnaces.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat1) for renewable bioenergy projectsleverage industry, community, regulatory, and stakeholder engagement to meet California’s other statutory energy goalsadvance medium- and heavy-duty (MDHD) XXX technologies and infrastructure availability to reduce GHG and criteria pollutant emissions in and around freight facilities and corridors, providing economic, environmental, and public health benefits to disadvantaged and low-income communities; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state2) assess freight routes and operational conditions for which MDHD battery electric trucks need access to public charging infrastructure; ● Reduce energy costs 3) develop and deploy new high-powered (1MW+) charger prototype(s) that reduce MDHD vehicle charging time, increase charging system efficiency, reduce hardware costs, enable interoperability, and support grid- friendly and resilient corridor charging; 4) accelerate electrification of drayage trucks by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the conducting an initial pilot deployment of public charging infrastructure using distributed biomass gasification in Californiaenergy resource (DER) and vehicle-grid integration (VGI) technologies; 5) inform future infrastructure deployments that meet near-term fleet needs while supporting long-term electrification targets; 6) develop and disseminate project learnings and best practices for deployment of public corridor MDHD charging infrastructure to accelerate future deployments; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation 7) deploy additional public charging sites and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteadvanced charging technologies in key freight corridors based on stakeholder engagement and early project learnings. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathwaysof: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of greater electricity 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established reliability through the EPIC in 2011integration of DER resources to support new electricity demand from charging MDHD BEVs; 2) lower overall charging costs through the development of high-capacity chargers with higher efficiency and energy management capabilities; and 3) increased safety through the assessment, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costsrefinement, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00validation of standards to support safe implementation of on-00-000 at page 19site DERs, May 24energy management, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF)and high power charging. 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement Technological Advancement and breakthroughs Breakthroughs: This Agreement seeks to overcome barriers that prevent to the achievement of the stateState of California’s statutory energy goals by developing and demonstrating MW level charging equipment both in laboratory settings and at public access stations for MDHD BEVs. MW level charging components and systems including electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), site distribution hardware, behind the meter energy storage and other DER, and energy goalsmanagement and control systems will be assessed and characterized to help advance the technology readiness level of these technologies. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scaleThe project will simultaneously engage a diverse and far-reaching group of stakeholders across the freight and goods movement industry, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectorsfleets, including manufacturingports, feedstock supply chain (harvestingplanning organizations, processingpollution burdened communities, CBOs, utilities, academia, OEMs, infrastructure developers, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, solutions providers. The project will provide consistent engagement to guide technology development and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity demonstration activities to meet community needs and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitssupport the businesses that rely on them.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects• Develop, test, and demonstrate a 10 percent lower cost high-efficiency heat pump at 18 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) and 9.6 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) with low or ultra low GWP refrigerant, compared to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout competing high efficiency heat pumps on the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in Californiamarket today; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance • Develop and test a high efficiency microchannel heat exchanger with 15 to 20 percent higher effectiveness of performance compared to conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasteheat exchangers. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits by developing high efficiency heat pumps at lower cost and increased safety. The novel compressor drive technology allows lower cost components to be used to achieve variable capacity, improving efficiency of greater electricity reliabilitythe heat pump at part load conditions. These advancements are necessary for wide-scale adoption of next generation heat pump technology in order to be competitive with standard furnaces since operating costs of furnaces are generally lower than standard efficiency heat pumps. This compressor drive technology will be utilized in both a near- and medium-term solution for improved heat pump technologies in this project. Electrifying space heating in California would have a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions in the state by replacing burning of fossil fuels to heat buildings with electric heating systems. Furthermore, lower as California transitions to low-GWP refrigerants, it will be necessary to consider the safety of alternative refrigerants that will likely have some mild flammability. The technologies developed in this project will incorporate safety features to ensure the equipment operating with a low-GWP refrigerant poses minimal risk to California residents. The medium-term solution will go a step further by investigating air-to-water heat pumps that can be factory sealed and completely contained outside the home. A secondary fluid (water/glycol) would then be used to deliver heating and cooling to the home. This solution has many benefits including: ability to use ultra-low GWP refrigerants (R-290), minimize refrigerant leakage, reduce installation costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand allow for forestry biomass waste thermal storage and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandload shifting. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE cost of distributed gasificationhigh efficiency heat pumps and developing equipment that will meet the anticipated regulation that will limit the GWP of refrigerants to <750. Currently, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy meteringhigh efficiency heat pumps demonstrate a 15-40 percent improvement over standard efficiency equipment4 but come at a cost premium. This breakthrough project will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1develop a low-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist cost compressor drive technology that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, improve the performance of standard efficiency equipment by allowing for variable-capacity operation. Reducing capacity is the primary strategy that best-in-class equipment uses to improve performance due to improvements in heat exchanger and motor efficiency. This development will occur while also designing the equipment to operate with a low-GWP refrigerants which will ensure the solution is what appropriate for the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component next generation of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsheat pump technologies.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Advance the development of a zinc-ion battery storage solution focused on safe customer-side of the meter deployment. • Validate a cost-effective and high performing energy storage solution to support higher levels of renewables and a carbon-free future by 2045. • Scale the tree mortality crisis; ● Recipient’s zinc-ion battery storage solution from laboratory demonstration to prototype testing in a customer side of the meter application. • Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projectsgreater reliability, lower costs, and increase safety for investor owned utility (IOU) ratepayers. • Enable technological advancement to meet overcome barriers to achieve California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean , including SB 350 and SB 100. • Demonstrate improved energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy density, increased cycle performance, improved reliability and safety, better lifecycle performance, and lower costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification as compared to currently fielded systems. • Replace fossil fuel powered backup generators in California; response to public safety power shutoffs and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation other emergency power shutoffs due to infrastructure failures, natural disasters, and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wastesevere weather events. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will should result in the ratepayer benefits of benefits, including greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand safety. The zinc-ion battery systems should provide the necessary infrastructure reliability and resiliency, as well as safety, for forestry biomass waste IOU ratepayers during periods of planned and generating cheap energyunplanned power shut offs. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyIn addition, the ability of IOUs project should help reduce energy costs and address peak load reduction and shifting through robust energy storage charge and discharge, storing energy during non-peak hours to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)be used during expensive peak hours. The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity zinc-ion battery also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will should provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of safer 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPICresidential energy storage solution with greater longevity than lithium-funded projects ion energy storage. According to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scaleRecipient, the PT+ will result baseline electrolyte for Recipient’s zinc-ion battery is zinc sulfate dissolved in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectorswater, should provide benefits over lithium-ion technology, including manufacturingnon- flammability, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsimportant safety factor for residential battery storage.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Grid Interactive & Local Air Quality – Demonstrate the ability to build a grid-interactive multi-family building without adversely impacting the day-to-day life of the occupants and increasing local electrical capacity to help enable Port of San Diego’s use of shore power to reduce local diesel emissions. • Replicability & Scalability – With the reuse of single use shipping containers and offsite fabrication, design a system of modular construction to be replicable and scalable to promote throughout the building industry as a pilot of streamlined construction. • Increase Housing Supply & Affordability – Responding to the tree mortality local housing crisis; ● Provide a financial model , provide an entirely low-income development of safe, affordable, permanent long-term units for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) very low-income families who are housing insecure. • Increase Health & Wellness for renewable bioenergy projectsTenants, Staff, Visitors, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout Neighbors – Prioritize and elevate the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate health and wellness of the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; tenants, staff, visitors, and ● Mitigate climate change neighbors through the avoidance of conventional energy generation exterior circulation, tasteful landscape design, protected outdoor areas for play and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wasterespite, a community garden, and design for safety. Ratepayer Benefits:2 Benefits2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits benefit[s] of greater electricity reliability, reliability for the region due to the ability to off-load the buildings energy demands during peak times or grid events. This provides excess capacity for other ratepayers. The same demand response capability should help to lower ratepayer costs, and increased safety by creating due to the infrastructure cost reductions associated with a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energygrid-responsive design. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver By designing the Xxxxxx Avenue Project to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investorall-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionallyelectric standards, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)building reduces local emissions. The PT+grid responsiveness helps save capacity for the Port of San Diego’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up upcoming cruise ship shore power and improves industrial electrification projects. These bayfront corridor electrification projects are critical to improving the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&EBarrio Xxxxx neighborhood’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandair quality. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 Breakthroughs3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015)goals. The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving State of California’s greenhouse gas 2045 carbon neutrality goal (GHGSenate Xxxx (SB) 100) mandates zero carbon emissions reduction (AB 32buildings, 2006) and air quality improvement goalsa grid that can service the future carbon-free building stock. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand Xxxxxx Avenue Project will be a leading example of multi-family, all-electric, low-income design using a variety of technologies which have not been deployed in conjunction with each other in California, if the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise individual technologies have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposaldeployed at all. San Diego is currently lacking in case studies for all-electric multi-family designs, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carboncentralized heat pump hot water heating, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking biofull islandability, grid-energy technologyresponsiveness, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costsV2G charging, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00containerized multi-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF)family construction. 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement Each one of these technologies will be a piece of San Diego and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goalsfuture. When deployed at scaleThe Xxxxxx Avenue Project plans to act as a shining example of each technology individually - and provide insights into how integrating the suite of technologies can improve this community’s low-income population, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processingpollution-burdened neighborhoods, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Cothought-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsleading utilities.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● • Scale-up and validate a novel conductive SiC wafer manufacturing technology to LRIP stage • Decrease the costs associated with SiC-on-SiC power electronics and associated infrastructure • Increase the efficiency of SiC-on-SiC power modules • Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding environmental impact of the manufacturing of SiC-on-SiC power electronics • Enable next-generation SiC-on-SiC power electronics and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. module architectures Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk price and increasing the efficiency of catastrophic wildfire electric grid transmission and the associated damage to investorelectric vehicle charging infrastructure as well as enabling large-owned utility (IOU) infrastructurescale adoption of next-generation, such as transmission lines high-efficiency power electronics architectures in electric vehicle, industrial, electrified rail and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)wind energy applications. The PT+lower costs benefit is the most direct and visible as it will entail reductions in ratepayer monthly energy bills due to the enhanced electrical efficiency of a broad range of products as well as reductions in residential, commercial, and utility scale renewable energy costs. Greater reliability and safety are primarily due to the proven increases in reliability and safety of SiC-on-SiC compared to traditional power electronics, especially when considering next-generation product architectures uniquely enabled by Halo’s significant technology. Increased safety is also achieved due to the increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying California’s renewable electricity generation that will be driven by the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer Agreement as well as the development of next generation, efficient, solid-state grid managers new tools transmission hardware that is much less likely to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandfail. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing demonstrating and validating a novel conductive silicon carbide wafer manufacturing technology and generating significant long-term benefits in the LCOE power electronics field including: a decrease in costs associated with SiC-on-SiC power electronics, an increase in the energy efficiency of distributed gasificationa broad range of products, helping drive uptake a reduction in the environmental impact of the undersubscribed BioMAT program manufacturing of conductive SiC wafers and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment enabling of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net large- scale adoption of next-generation power electronics architectures. Since energy metering. This breakthrough will help California efficiency is at the heart of California’s push to achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) energy goals, these benefits will accelerate the timeline for achieving the targets, reduce the financial burden on the state and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1ratepayers associated with achieving the targets as well as reinvigorate the California manufacturing sector to provide additional high-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) skilled jobs and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted a resurgent technological leadership role in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitshigh- tech materials industry.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Extend an NH3 chiller with CO2 distribution system prototype demonstrated for cooling to also provide heating for small commercial and/or multi-family applications. • Demonstrate the improved energy efficiency performance of a reversible heat pump and distribution system using a zero- GWP refrigerant for space conditioning and heating when compared to conventional equipment. • Demonstrate that the innovative reversible heat pump thermal cycle and distribution system is less costly in installed system, operation, and maintenance costs compared to similar commercial HVAC systems. • Enable decarbonization of space heating using a reversible heat pump with near-zero GWP at costs competitive with conventional refrigerants. • Impart the findings of the project to building decarbonization stakeholders and to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding public to stimulate the adoption of the reversible heat pump technology • Move the technology readiness level of the demonstrated technology to level 7. • Achieve the target metrics identified in the Recipient’s proposal in response to GFO- 19-301, Attachment 4, Table 2. o 45 percent improvement in heating seasonal performance factor o 35 percent improvement in seasonal energy efficiency rating o 10 percent improvement in installed cost o 25 percent improvement in operation and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass wastemaintenance costs. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating providing a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste zero GWP more efficient combined heating and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing cooling system that can reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayerspeak cooling load. Additionally, the ability use of IOUs CO2 offers an advantage of smaller pipe size and, in turn, lower installation cost compared to use conventional chiller water-based HVAC systems. Increased safety is provided by (a) using ammonia as a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reductionrefrigerant, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up which is more readily detectable for leaks due to 250 kilowatt (kW)its pungent odor, and has (b) due to the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology high-pressure CO2 distribution loop, so ammonia will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can not be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandleaked into the occupied space. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing enabling the LCOE decarbonization of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015)space heating using zero GWP reversible heat pump system. The PT+ will also help overcome barriers proposed low GWP reversible heat pump would provide an alternative for commercial buildings’ space conditioning needs due to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) anticipated phase out of high and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decompositionmoderate GWP refrigerants. The first prototype of an ammonia/carbon sequestration potential of dioxide chiller system was successfully demonstrated, and the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbonproposed project intends to extend, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative optimize and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storageevaluate a reversible heat pump system design. Additionally, as noted in providing a more efficient and cost effective low GWP heat pump system solution would reduce the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011)cooling load on a capacity-constrained system, clean energy jobs addressing system resiliency concerns and needs given recent shutdowns of major transmission corridors due to fires. Agreement Objectives The objectives of this Agreement are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Codeto: • Optimize, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower coststest, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19demonstrate an advanced reversible heat pump that extends a cascading ammonia/carbon dioxide integrated refrigeration cycle and distribution system for cooling and develop, May 24test, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects and demonstrate the same technology to lead to technological advancement include heating; • Conduct laboratory optimization and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement evaluation of the state’s statutory developed advanced reversible heat pump prototype; • Deploy five production units of the advanced reversible heat pump in three distinct California climate zones in multifamily/small commercial buildings; • Conduct measurement and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When verification of the field deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsunits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related Improve the flow battery design for manufacturing in order to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding improve reliability and scaling proactive forestry management manufacturability at higher production rates and wildfire remediation; ● lower costs. • Establish manufacturing partners and supply chains. • Build and demonstrate Low-Rate Initial Production (LRIP) manufacturing process • Produce renewable bioenergy up to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. 80 flow batteries at LRIP Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will is intended to result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, costs and increased safety by creating making a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning100% renewable energy generation a reality with low cost, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructurelong life, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)long duration energy storage systems. The PT+Recipient asserts that Recipient’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves flow battery is the economics of wildfire risk reductionfirst no membrane, magnifying the benefits listed abovesingle flow loop, flow battery providing high voltage using low cost chemistry. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers According to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals Recipient, this second- generation product improves upon the first-generation system by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are offering a critical component of higher power 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). capacity (25 kW) and 5-hour duration at a lower cost per unit of energy stored than any other storage technology on the market. The Recipient states that the flow battery has a lab-tested 20-year lifespan (30,000 cycles) without performance degradation. According to the Recipient, these features lead to a more reliable and less expensive energy storage product for utilities and commercial or industrial customers, enabling the smart grid and enhancing the capabilities of renewable energy generation assets. The Recipient asserts that while lithium ion (Li Ion) batteries that currently dominate the market pose fire hazards, the Recipient’s flow battery uses a non-flammable electrolyte, which significantly increases safety of energy storage. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement is intended to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by scaling up production of the Recipient’s flow battery with rated power of 25kW and discharge energy of 125 kWh. Primus’ technology offers a battery with no membrane, single flow loop and high voltage with low cost chemistry. The Recipient’s flow battery differs from traditional flow batteries in that it does not require an ion exchange membrane, and it uses a single electrolyte flow loop. According to the Recipient, these differences provide significant competitive advantages because they require fewer parts and have longer system cycle life, higher power density, higher reliability and reduced safety risks. The Recipient’s flow battery units may be interconnected with each other to form larger energy storage systems. California’s mandate to achieve 50% of total electricity production from renewable sources by 2030 will require significant innovation and investment in energy storage to provide reliable, continuous electricity. Current energy storage solutions that are not able to meet this challenge. According to the Recipient, while lithium ion (Li Ion) batteries currently dominate the market, they are best suited for small scale, short duration (e.g., less than 2 hours) and shallow discharge applications. The Recipient states that lithium ion batteries have limited life expectancy of between 3 and 6 years (2,000 to 5,000 cycles; fading 2 to 8% per year), pose fire hazards, require round-the-clock HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) in cold or hot climates, can only achieve one deep cycle per day and are expensive and difficult to recycle after their useful life because of their hazardous components. Agreement Objectives • Develop the Recipient’s prototype flow battery design for manufacturing to a pilot production version followed by an LRIP production version. • Develop the Recipient’s initial production line to a pilot production line followed by an LRIP production line. • Certify that the Recipient’s design meets Underwriters Laboratories (UL) certification and test if the flow battery performs throughout the proper lifespan. • Demonstrate Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) of the Recipient’s flow battery. • Finalize design of the flow battery and manufacturing process. 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefits.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Develop and validate the AES energy storage system technology for electricity- in/electricity-out applications • Perform pilot-scale testing of baseline and improved AES technology to raise the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide TRL level of the technology • Develop designs for a financial model commercial scale AES system that validate its energy storage capabilities and ability to support renewable power reliability at lower cost and higher efficiency for funding Investor Owned Utilities (IOU) and scaling proactive forestry management behind-the-meter applications. • Establish readiness for scale-up and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) prototype development for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate the microgrid deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement project will result in the ratepayer benefits of by validating the AES technologies’ capability to provide: greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market managing the intermittency of generation by renewable sources such as wind or solar. By storing excess energy generated by these sources during times of low demand, the proposed system could improve grid reliability by providing ultra-rapid response to increases in- grid demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap through discharging the stored energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver would help to support forest thinningmitigate the asynchronous generation of solar and wind sources and its impact on the electrical grid, thus reducing as well as facilitate the risk deployment of catastrophic wildfire these technologies in order to meet the State of California’s 2045 energy goals and the associated damage AB-2514 and SB-1369. The AES technology may provide electricity-out at a significantly lower cost than conventional spinning reserve technologies, as it does not consume significant quantities of fuel while idling or generating power. Compared to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to traditional battery systems or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs water electrolyzer used for ratepayers. Additionallystoring energy, the ability AES technology has much lower risks of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (failure and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demandimproved safety. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome by eliminating the barriers to associated with conventional water electrolyzer systems cost-effectively by cleverly deploying currently wasted streams in the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed emerging green-tech sector. It will produce green electrolytic H2 from these stranded assets - currently estimated at >2,000 GWh/yr (tail gases from biomass gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program liquid biofuels, biogas-fueled reformers and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technologyfuel cells, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015etc.). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers following unique technology features lead to achieving California’s greenhouse gas game-changing advantages: Ultra-high Electrical Efficiency at Enhanced Safety & Lower Cost means oxygen-free electrolysis dramatically reduces electricity use, from >50 to <10 kWh/kg H2 (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32less Platinum, 2006) no fire hazard). Thermal integration for Rapid Response, range extension results in efficient waste heat recovery and air quality improvement goalsreuse. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement Operating flexibility for a variety of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration Dilute/Waste H2 Streams allows for electrolysis stack capable of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposalhandling impurities, such as open pile burning or decompositionCO - up to 10% (very attractive for deployment). The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ Integrated Electrolysis with H2 Storage device enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative H2 production and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted storage in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011)same pressure vessel, clean thereby eliminating separate higher-cost compressed H2 storage and safety equipment. This reduces energy jobs are a critical component of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result storage system cost and footprint for faster deployment in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, Disadvantaged and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00Low-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement of the state’s statutory and energy goals. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitsincome Communities.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are toto develop and demonstrate the following technical capabilities: ● Reduce wildfire risk related • Flow battery 12-hour discharge at 400 kW of electric load • Flow-battery grid-forming functionality • Flywheel 12-hour discharge at 400 kW of electric load • Flywheel design configuration to share existing ground-mounted solar site if determined to be feasible by the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goals; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout the state; ● Reduce energy costs by generating cheap netengineering design • Multi-metered energy; ● Accelerate the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in California; and ● Mitigate climate change through the avoidance of conventional energy generation and the sequestration of fixed carbon from biomass waste. storage MGC applications Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste and generating cheap energy. This demand will increase safety by creating an economic driver to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire and the associated damage to investor-owned utility (IOU) infrastructure, such as transmission lines and remote substations. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. Additionally, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers)safety. The PT+’s significant increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up project will improve reliability of electric service by protecting critical customer loads from public safety power shutoffs and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed aboveother long-duration outage events. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability by reducing peak loading by up to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology It will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, onsite distributed renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability resources and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component of storage 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Codecapacity for load shifting to reduce customer electricity costs by $625,366 in Year 1 and $26 million over the project’s 25-year lifetime. It will reduce the Xxxxxx community’s greenhouse gas footprint by 1,004,898 kg of greenhouse gases in Year 1. The project will increase safety for customers by providing resilient energy supplies to protect electric loads from long-duration outages to assure continued service of key public safety assets, Section 25711.5(a) including emergency public sheltering and wastewater treatment. It also requires EPICwill reduce local criteria pollutants attributable to diesel combustion. More broadly, the project’s technology advancements will support commercialization of non-funded projects Li systems to provide similar reliability, economic, and safety benefits for customers of future projects, including providing safer alternatives to Li battery systems that are susceptible to fires and thermal runaway. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs by supporting technology developments to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement expand scale and improve performance, functionality, and flexibility of the state’s statutory flow battery and energy goalsflywheel technologies. California’s energy goals. When deployed at scale, the PT+ Demonstration in a solar microgrid will result in the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, provide operating history to reduce perceived technology risk and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Coimprove access to cost-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); and ● Watershed benefitseffective financing for future deployments.

Goals and Objectives of the Agreement Agreement Goals. The goals of this Agreement are to: ● Reduce wildfire risk related to the tree mortality crisis; ● Provide a financial model for funding and scaling proactive forestry management and wildfire remediation; ● Produce renewable bioenergy to spur uptake of tariffs in support of Senate Bill 1122 Bio Market Agreement Tariff (BioMat) for renewable bioenergy projects• Design, build, and to meet California’s other statutory energy goalsdemonstrate all operational steps of the lithium recovery from geothermal brine at an existing geothermal power plant in Calipatria, California operated by CalEnergy Recourses LTD; ● Create clean energy jobs throughout • Develop and demonstrate a lithium recovery system that will improve the stateeconomic productivity and flexibility of existing geothermal power plant facilities; ● Reduce energy costs • Demonstrate, by generating cheap net-metered energy; ● Accelerate processing at least 100 gallons of brine per minute a lithium recovery technology that has already been demonstrated and proven at the deployment of distributed biomass gasification in Californiapilot scale; and ● Mitigate climate change through • Demonstrate the avoidance conversion of conventional energy generation and the sequestration samples of fixed carbon from biomass wasteextracted lithium chloride to battery-grade lithium carbonate. Ratepayer Benefits:2 This Agreement will result in the ratepayer benefits of of: greater electricity reliability, lower costs, and increased safety by creating enabling the cost-effective production of battery- grade lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide from lithium chloride recovered from geothermal brine. By producing and selling high-value lithium compounds, existing geothermal power plants will be able to reduce the cost of power generation by as much as 35 percent, which will enable them to stabilize ratepayer costs over long periods of time or even reduce them. The cost-effective production of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide from geothermal brine will also support the development of affordable, lithium-ion-based grid storage. This, in turn, will support the ability of wind and solar generation facilities—which produce power intermittently—to shift their energy supply to the utility grid at times of excess production. In this way, the project will lead to lower- cost renewable electricity and a strong market demand for forestry biomass waste more reliable grid. Additionally, by improving the economics associated with the construction and generating cheap energy. This demand operation of geothermal power plants in California, the project will increase safety by creating an economic driver also encourage the construction of new plants, which will enable California to support forest thinning, thus reducing the risk shift more of catastrophic wildfire its baseload generation capacity to clean geothermal power and the associated damage to investoraway from more carbon-owned utility (IOU) infrastructureintensive sources, such as transmission lines nuclear and remote substationsfossil- based natural gas. Preventing this damage to or destruction of ratepayer-supported infrastructure lowers costs for ratepayers. AdditionallyBy reducing reliance on these sources and improving grid reliability, the ability of IOUs to use a higher- capacity Powertainer provides a much larger offset against the yearly billion-dollar vegetation management costs borne by IOUs (and hence by ratepayers). The PT+’s significant proposed technology could, once commercialized, also increase in waste processing capacity also significantly speeds up and improves the economics of wildfire risk reduction, magnifying the benefits listed above. The PT+ will directly increase PG&E’s grid reliability ratepayer safety by reducing peak loading by up emissions of GHGs and toxic air pollutants, thereby improving public health. Finally, deployment of more geothermal power plants directly supports California’s legislative mandates for the transition to 250 kilowatt (kW), and has the potential to increase grid reliability significantly when deployed at scale. The technology will provide on-demand, non- weather dependent, 100% renewable energy. The uniquely flexible nature of this energy will offer grid managers new tools to enhance grid stability and reliability. The technology can be used to provide local capacity in hard-to-serve areas, while reducing peak demand. Technological Advancement and Breakthroughs:3 This Agreement will lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers to the achievement of the State of California’s statutory energy goals by substantially reducing the LCOE of distributed gasification, helping drive uptake of the undersubscribed BioMAT program and increasing the potential for mass commercial deployment of distributed biomass gasification demonstrating an advanced lithium recovery technology, particularly through net energy metering. This breakthrough will help California achieve its goal of developing bioenergy markets (Bioenergy Action Plan 2012) and fulfil its ambitious renewable portfolio standard (SB X1-2, 2011-2012; SB350, 2015). The PT+ will also help overcome Salton Sea Known Geothermal Area contains an estimated six million tons of recoverable lithium within presently available geothermal resources. Yet, significant barriers to achieving California’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction (AB 32, 2006) and air quality improvement goals. It reduces greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants over three primary pathways: 1) The PT+’s increased capacity and Combined Heat and Power (CHP) module expand the displacement of emissions from conventional generation; 2) the biochar offtake enables the sequestration of hundreds of tons carbon that would otherwise have been released into the atmosphere; and 3) its increased processing capacity avoids GHG and criteria emissions by reducing the risk of GHG emissions from wildfire and other forms of disposal, such as open pile burning or decomposition. The carbon sequestration potential of the biochar offtake is particularly groundbreaking because very few technologies exist that can essentially sequester atmospheric carbon, which is what the PT+ enables when paired with the natural forest ecosystem––an innovative and groundbreaking bio-energy technology, with carbon capture and storage. Additionally, as noted stand in the Governor’s Clean Energy Jobs Plan (2011), clean energy jobs are a critical component way of 2 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) requires projects funded by the Electric Program Investment Charge (EPIC) accessing this abundant resource and using it to result in ratepayer benefits. The California Public Utilities Commission, which established the EPIC in 2011, defines ratepayer benefits as greater reliability, lower costs, and increased safety (See CPUC “Phase 2” Decision 00-00-000 at page 19, May 24, 2012, xxxx://xxxx.xxxx.xx.xxx/PublishedDocs/WORD_PDF/FINAL_DECISION/167664.PDF). 3 California Public Resources Code, Section 25711.5(a) also requires EPIC-funded projects to lead to technological advancement and breakthroughs to overcome barriers that prevent the achievement achieve many of the state’s statutory and energy goals. , including increasing the value of geothermal resources to California’s energy goalselectricity system. When deployed at scale, The major challenges for lithium production in this region relate to the PT+ harsh chemistry of the brine and the difficultly of developing a low-cost and highly selective process for lithium recovery. These challenges have to date prevented commercial deployment of conventional lithium recovery technologies. The project team will result in test and demonstrate a unique approach to processing this challenging brine chemistry. The technological advancements to be pursued will be 1) the creation of thousands of jobs across multiple sectors, including manufacturing, feedstock supply chain (harvesting, processing, and transportation), equipment operation, construction, and project development. Additional Co-benefits: ● Annual electricity and thermal savings; ● Expansion of forestry waste markets; ● Expansion/development of an agricultural biochar market; ● Peak load reduction; ● Flexible generation; ● Energy cost reductions; ● Reduced wildfire risk; ● Local air quality benefits; ● Water use reductions (through energy savings); a pre-treatment process that will prepare the incoming brine for lithium removal during the subsequent lithium recovery phase and ● Watershed benefits2) the demonstration of a lithium recovery system capable of long-term, economic recovery of lithium from pre-processed geothermal brine.