MIMO at mm Sample Clauses

MIMO at mm wave frequencies‌ The idea of using multiple antenna techniques also denoted as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) for increasing the data rates powered more than a decade of research and innovation in mobile communications. MIMO is introduced into the wireless local area networks (LANs) standard 802.11n. Integration of MIMO into the cellular world, namely the 3G High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) was tried early. But realizing the gains turned out to non-trivial due to the fundamental interference limitations. For improving the performance, efficient solutions going beyond these limitations are needed. Modern solutions are based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC- FDMA). These waveforms have been incorporated into the new 4G LTE standard for down-link and up-link, respectively, since they reduce complexity at the receiver side dramatically. At mm-wave frequencies, however, MIMO has played no role so far. One reason is that most links are based on line-of-sight (LOS), where polarization multiplexing is an efficient way to double the channel rank using the same antenna configuration. At microwave frequencies, however, it is difficult to gain more degrees of freedom using LOS over large distances since antenna elements cannot be spaced close enough for creating a rank-deficient MIMO channel. 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 0 0 50 100 150 200 inter-element spacing (cm) 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 50 100 150 inter-element spacing (cm) Figure 23: Singular values of MIMO modes versus the inter-element spacing in 70 GHz mm-wave link after 1 km distance. Left: 2x2 MIMO with linear arrays at both sides. Centre: 4x4 MIMO with linear arrays. Right: 2x2 LOS-MIMO from [40]. However, researchers have demonstrated theoretically [32] and practically [33][34][35][36][37][38][39], that smart antenna configurations imply that the mm-wave MIMO channel can have full rank. In Figure 23, singular values characterizing the relative strength of the parallel MIMO streams for 2x2 and 4x4 antenna configurations are plotted at 70 GHz versus the inter-element separation after 1 km link distance. Obviously, already with distances in the order of one metre, we can multiplex four data streams spatially over the LOS channel. The number of streams is doubled by using polarization multiplexing. In practice, multiple dish antennas can be placed vertically on top of each other at an antenna mast. Th...
Sample 1
AutoNDA by SimpleDocs

Related to MIMO at mm

  • WSIB Top-Up a) Teachers who, as of August 31, 2014, were entitled to Workplace Safety and Insurance Board benefits top-up, such entitlement shall be as follows:

  • DNS name server availability Refers to the ability of a public-­‐DNS registered “IP address” of a particular name server listed as authoritative for a domain name, to answer DNS queries from an Internet user. All the public DNS-­‐registered “IP address” of all name servers of the domain name being monitored shall be tested individually. If 51% or more of the DNS testing probes get undefined/unanswered results from “DNS tests” to a name server “IP address” during a given time, the name server “IP address” will be considered unavailable.

  • Gross Beta Flags A = Result acceptable, Bias <= +/- 50% with a statistically positive result at two standard deviations (Result/Uncertainty > 2, i.e., the range encompassing the result, plus or minus the total uncertainty at two standard deviations, does not include zero). N = Result not acceptable, Bias > +/- 50% or the reported result is not statistically positive at two standard deviations (Result/Uncertainty <= 2, i.e., the range encompassing the result, plus or minus the total uncertainty at two standard deviations, includes zero). Uncertainty Flags:

  • Dark Fiber Loop 2.8.4.1 Dark Fiber Loop is an unused optical transmission facility, without attached signal regeneration, multiplexing, aggregation or other electronics, from the demarcation point at an End User’s premises to the End User’s serving wire center. Dark Fiber Loops may be strands of optical fiber existing in aerial or underground structure. BellSouth will not provide line terminating elements, regeneration or other electronics necessary for AFN to utilize Dark Fiber Loops.

  • Data Usage We may use Data for the following purposes (in each case to the extent permitted by law):

  • Reducing Text Messaging While Driving Pursuant to Executive Order 13513, 74 FR 51225 (Oct. 6, 2009), Recipient should encourage its employees, subrecipients, and contractors to adopt and enforce policies that ban text messaging while driving, and Recipient should establish workplace safety policies to decrease accidents caused by distracted drivers.

  • Net Metering If you generate electricity from a renewable generating facility to offset your electricity consumption and/or use net metering at any time during the term of this Agreement, you must notify Starion.

  • Therapist Availability Therapist’s office is equipped with a confidential voice mail system that allows Patient to leave a message at any time. Therapist will make every effort to return calls within 24 hours (or by the next business day), but cannot guarantee the calls will be returned immediately. Therapist is unable to provide 24-hour crisis service. In the event that Patient is feeling unsafe or requires immediate medical or psychiatric assistance, he/she should call 911, or go to the nearest emergency room.

  • Terminating Switched Access Detail Usage Data A category 1101XX record as defined in the EMI Telcordia Practice BR-010-200- 010.

  • Originating Switched Access Detail Usage Data A category 1101XX record as defined in the EMI Telcordia Practice BR-010-200- 010.

Time is Money Join Law Insider Premium to draft better contracts faster.