Heart transplantation Sample Clauses

Heart transplantation. Cardiac transplantation was performed as first described by Xxxxx et al. (211). A large v- shaped incision was made in the donor, and the gut was removed to reveal the inferior xxxx xxxx (IVC) and the aorta. Heparinized saline (500µl; 200units/ml); (Xxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx, UK) was injected into the IVC and allowed to circulate for 1 minute, then the aorta was cut to allow exsanguination of the animal. The rib cage was opened to reveal the heart; and the IVC, azygous veins and the superior xxxx xxxx were tied with 7/0 silk suture (Pearsalls, Ltd.) and cut. The aorta and the pulmonary artery were cut straight across using microscissors (Fine Science Tools, Heidelberg, Germany). A tie was then placed around the entire heart and it was removed from the animal and placed in sterile saline on ice whilst the recipient was prepared. The anaesthetized recipient was shaved, the abdomen swabbed with povodine iodine, as Vetasept (Animalcare, York, UK), and a sterile drape placed over the operating area. A midline incision was made, and the bowels and bladder retracted and covered in saline-soaked sterile gauze. The IVC and aorta were exposed, and the lumbar veins which drain into the IVC were tied with 7/0 silk suture. Microvessel clamps (Fine Science Tools) were placed at the top and bottom of the IVC and aorta. A venotomy and aortotomy were made using a 21 gauge needle (Terumo UK Ltd., Bagshot, UK), and extended with microscissors. Anchor stitches were placed at the top and bottom of the donor and recipients aorta, and the left-hand walls were anastomosed with a running stitch using 10/0 nylon suture (Unik Surgical Sutures). This was tied to the top anchor stitch; then the heart was flipped over to complete anastomosis of the right-hand wall. The pulmonary artery was anastomosed to the recipient IVC in the same way, except that the right wall was completed first. A small piece of Spongostan (Ferrosan Medical Devices, Soborg, Denmark) was placed over the anastomoses before removal of the clamps. The midline incision was closed with 4/0 suture (Unik Surgical Sutures). Cardiac grafts were monitored by palpation of the abdomen, and the strength of beating assessed according to the scale developed by Superina et al. (212). Rejection was defined as absence of a palpable heartbeat on 2 consecutive days.
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Related to Heart transplantation

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