買賣牛熊證涉及的風險 Sample Clauses

買賣牛熊證涉及的風險. 強制收回 牛熊證並不適合所有投資者,及投資者在買賣前應先考慮其風險承受度。在任何情況下,任何人不應買賣牛熊證,除非他/她明白產品的性質,並已準備損失所有的投資金額,因為當牛熊證的相關資產價格觸及收回價,牛熊證會被發行商收回,而牛熊證的買賣會提早到期。當 N 類牛熊證提早到期,並部位損益將會是零。當 R 類牛熊證提早到期,持有人可收回少量剩餘價值,但在不利的情況下可能沒有剩餘價值。經紀為了從有關發行商收取剩餘價值款項時,可收取其客戶服務費。 一般來說,收回價與相關資產現價的相差越大,牛熊證被收回的機會率越低,因為與該牛熊證相關的資產的價格要有較大的變動才會被收回。但同一時間,相差越大,槓桿作用便越小。當牛熊證被收回後,即使相關資產的價格反彈回正確方向,該被收回的牛熊證不會再次重新在市場上買賣,及投資者不能因價格反彈而獲利。此外,與海外資產有關的牛熊證之強制收回事件可能會於聯交所交易時段以外的時間發生。 槓桿作用 由於牛熊證是槓桿產品,牛熊證價格之百分比的變幅是較相關資產為高。若投資者預期相關資產價格的走向與最終的走向相反時,他們可能要承受比例上更高的損失。 限定的有效期 牛熊證有一期限,以固定到期日表示。以三(3)個月至五(5)年的有效期不等。若在固定到期日前被收回,牛熊證的有效期可變得更短。牛熊證的價值不時會隨着相關資產價格的變動而波動,及於到期後和王某些情況下,甚至在正常到期之前可能會變得沒有價值。 相關資產的走勢 雖然牛熊證的價格趨向緊貼其相關資產的價格,但在某些情況下未必如此(即對沖值可能不一定接近一)。牛熊證的價格受多個因素所影響,包括其本身的供求、財務費用及距離到期的時限。此外,個別牛熊證的對沖值亦不會經常接近一,特別是當相關資產的價格接近收回價時。 流通量 雖然牛熊證設有流通量提供者,但不能保證投資者可以隨時以其目標價買入/沽出牛熊證。 財務費用 牛熊證的發行價包括財務費用,發行商會在推出牛熊證時在上市文件內訂明計算財務費用的程式。牛熊證的財務費用包括發行商的借貸成本、預期正股普通股息的調整(若相關資產為派息股份)及發行商的溢利,投資者宜將由不同發行商發行但相關資產和特色都相似的牛熊證的財務費用作比較。隨著牛熊證走向到期,融資成本將隨著牛熊證在二級市場上的逐漸減少。 一般來說,牛熊證的年期越長,總財務費用便越高,因它類似於投資者藉較長期借貸來交易相關資產。 當牛熊證被收回時,牛熊證持有人(投資者)將失去整段時期的融資成本,因為融資成本在發行時即加入在牛熊證的價格內,即使強制收回事件,牛熊證的實際資金周期結果變得更短。 在任何情況下,投資者應注意牛熊證在發行後的融資成本在其期限內可能會變動,而流動性提供者則毋須根據牛熊證在發行時融資成本的理論計算來為牛熊證提供報價。 接近收回價時的交易 相關資產價格接近收回價時,牛熊證的價格可能會變得更加波動,買賣差價可能會較闊,流通量亦可能較低。牛熊證隨時會被收回而交易終止。由於強制收回事件發生的時間與停止牛熊證買賣之間可能會有一些時差。有一些交易在強制收回事件發生後才達成及被交易所參與者確認,但任何在強制收回事件後始執行的交易將不被承認並會被取消。因此投資者買賣接近收回價的牛熊證時需額外小心。發行商會於強制收回事件發生後 60 分鐘內通知市場確實的收回時間,聯交所亦會把於強制收回事件發生後才達成的交易資料發布給有關的交易所參與者,讓他們通知其客戶。若投資者不清楚交易是否在強制收回事件後才達成或有否被取消,應查詢經紀。 海外資產發行的牛熊證 以海外資產發行的牛熊證,其價格及結算價均由外幣兌換港元計算,投資者買賣這類牛熊證需承擔有關的外匯風險。外匯價格由市場供求釐定,其中牽涉的因素頗多。若屬海外資產發行的 牛熊證,強制收回事件可能會於聯交所交易時段以外的時間發生。有關的牛熊證會於下一個交易時段或發行商通知聯交所強制收回事件發生後盡快停止在聯交所買賣。強制收回事件發生後, AMS/3 不設自動停止機制。若屬 R 類牛熊證,剩餘價值會根據上市文件於訂價日釐定。
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