Common use of ITHIM Implementation Clause in Contracts

ITHIM Implementation. To communicate the public health benefits of active transportation projects to the residents in the region, GNRC worked with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to estimate the monetary value of the benefits by using the Integrated Transportation and Health Impact Modeling Tool (ITHIM) (▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2017). Technical details of ITHIM and the calibration data used for the Nashville implementation had been described in the literature review chapter. Figure 10 provides an overview of the ITHIM modeling process for the Nashville implementation (▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2015). Health outcomes resulting from investments in pedestrian and bicycle facilities are estimated by ITHIM with the relative risk method, which predicts the risk of developing respiratory and chronic diseases based on the amount of exposure to air pollution and physical activity involvement (▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2017). Active transportation increases physical activity and reduces air pollution. However, increasing pedestrian and bicyclist activities can also increase risk of traffic injuries and fatalities. Table 21 shows that lists of diseases whose risks of development are modeled in ITHIM with exposures to physical activity and air pollution (▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2015). Ischemic Heart Disease Respiratory Infections Depression Cardiovascular Disease Dementia Hypertensive Heart Disease Diabetes Inflammatory Heart Disease Colon Cancer Lung Cancer Breast Cancer Respiratory Disease (kids) All‐Cause Mortality Stroke