Common use of XML Clause in Contracts

XML. XML has no explicitly de ▇▇▇ data model. XML (Extensible Mark-up Lan- guage) is called a Mark-up language. In other words, it is a meta-language for creating Mark-up languages. While HTML focuses on how data look, XML describes data and focuses on what data is. It provides a means for specifying the structure of content of document. XML uses a Document Type De nition (DTD) or an XML Schema to de- scribe data. With a DTD or XML Schema, it is designed to be self-descriptive . XML is created to structure, store and send information by encrypting in the well de ▇▇▇ and validated tags. To list a few of the characteristics of XML, it is free and extensible, a complement to HTML, an open language, separate data independent of visualization tools, meant to share and store data. XML is an answer for Internet-Based GIS. If XML is adopted by many organization and industry. It allows users to search and manipulate on-line data, regardless of derived application. XML allow authors to de ne an unlimited set of tags. The example of the thesis is to give how spatial data along with attributes can be transferred across any platform of Internet. To avoid any confusion tags are also written is a human understandable language. Many works are on going like the exchange of updating information between GIS using XML. Speci cally for Geospatial domain, many XML dialects like GML and SVG are coming up as open speci cation to share, exchange or display GIS information on web. Widely accepted XML as open standard language, so many domain spe- ci c dialects of XML are currently being developed. There are a lot of useful extensions to XML. For example, GML (Geography Mark-up Language) is one those important extensions for Geographic data. GML is designed to support interoperability and does so through the provision of basic geometry tags, a common models (features/properties) and a mechanism for creating and sharing application schemas. GML is an XML based OGC speci cation for transport and storage of geographic information, including the geometry as well the properties of geographic features. There are some bene ts of GML refer to www. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇.▇▇▇/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇/▇▇▇/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇/▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ are good for Web, serves more users of di erent interest, and better query capability. GML provides three basic XML Schema documents. The feature.xsd is the essentially a named list of properties. The geometry.xsd is the actual def- inition of feature properties, it depends upon the domain speci c application schema. The xlink.xsd allows elements to be inserted into XML documents an thus create linking between resources. In general, features have an id, name and feature type and compare to simple properties (booleans, integers, reals, strings) and 2D geometry with linear interpolation between coordinates. Geometric constructs can consists of coordinates, box, point, linestring, linearring, polygon, multipoint, multi- linestring, multipolygon, and geometry collection. GML can be extended as the user demand. One person may de ne a feature called ROAD where another might use STREET. GML does not constrain how such objects are named or de nes what properties they have. Users can however readily compare schemas on the Internet and provide agreement / mapping of data from one schema to another. One problem of GML is that it doesnot support the representation of topology.