Transfer Information. RMT systems use special resources (dictionaries) which link source and target resources, and add source language tests and (target language) actions. The link usually is based on a directed bilingual link of <lemma,POS> from source to target. Standard lexical transfer replaces the source by the target term16. Complex lexical transfer is required in cases where 1:n transfers must be considered, i.e. where the right transfer must be selected from several target candidates. This is done by tests and actions. There are different types of tests: • Domain tags are the simplest way. Some entries are marked such that they are preferred if the text is from a specific domain. • Grammatical tests usually refer to underspecified tree configurations, either local nodes (some feature value tests, like number) or partial trees (like a verb and its direct object).17 • Semantic / conceptual tests investigate the conceptual context in transfer selection; systems supporting this feature18 usually rely on a larger context (paragraphs instead of contexts). Actions are usually linked to tests, and take care of specific constellations for a given transfer, e.g. argument switching, idiosyncratic translations of prepositions, insertion / deletion of lexical material, and the like. MT systems differ widely in the way such information is expressed and used, and in the formalisms how it is described; therefore, a representation of this information must be found which is sufficiently expressive, and as generic as possible. Single MT systems would have to compile it from there into their idiosyncratic environments.
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