Steelhead. In fulfilling their functions, the Panels and Commission shall take into account the conservation of steelhead.
Steelhead. The City shall provide instream flows and limit operations to protect steelhead as indicated below:
Steelhead. Initial actions related to steelhead will be limited to Anadromous Salmonids habitat enhancements in the lower Yuba River, as established in the Action Plan. The Settlement Agreement will include a process to study and resolve biological and genetic risks, as well as related technical and management issues, including impacts to and from angling activities, associated with reintroduction of steelhead into the North Yuba River upstream of New Bullards Bar Dam. The Settlement Agreement will provide that, if the initial spring-run Chinook salmon reintroduction proves successful, and the studies resolve technical issues and demonstrate that reintroduction of steelhead is consistent with the guiding principles stated in Term 5.5, then the Parties will pursue steelhead reintroduction to be phased into the North Yuba River reintroduction program upstream of New Bullards Bar Dam.
Steelhead. Steelhead trout can reach up to 55 pounds (25 kg) in weight and 45 inches (120 cm) in length, though the average size is much smaller. They are usually dark- olive in color, shading to silvery-white on the underside with a heavily speckled body and a pink to red stripe running along their sides. Steelhead spend anywhere from one to five years in saltwater, however, two to three years is most common (Xxxxx et al. 1996). Some return as "half-xxxxxxxx" that over- winter one season in freshwater before returning to the ocean in the spring. Only "winter" steelhead are found in the CCC steelhead DPS. The timing of upstream migration is correlated with seasonal high flows and associated lower water temperatures. Xxxxxxxxx begin returning to the Russian River in December, with the run continuing into April. The minimum stream depth necessary for successful upstream migration is about 18 cm (Xxxxxxxx 1972). The preferred water velocity for upstream migration is in the range of 40-90 cm/s, with a maximum velocity, beyond which upstream migration is not likely to occur, of 240 cm/s (Xxxxxxxx 1972). Most spawning takes place from January through April. In contrast to other species of the genus Oncorhynchus, steelhead may spawn more than one season before dying (i.e., they are iteroparous). Most adult steelhead in a run are first time spawners, although Xxxxxxxxxx and Taft (1954) reported that repeat spawners are relatively numerous (about 17%) in California streams. Steelhead spawn in cool, clear streams featuring suitable water depth, gravel size, and current velocity. Xxxxxx and Xxxxxx (1979) found that gravels of 1.3-11.7 cm in diameter were preferred by spawning steelhead. The survival of embryos is reduced when fines smaller than 6.4 millimeters (mm) comprise 20 to 25 percent of the substrate. Xxx typically emerge from the gravel two to three weeks after hatching (Xxxxxxxx 1986). Upon emerging from the gravel, fry rear in edgewater habitats and move gradually into pools and riffles as they grow larger. Instream cover is an important habitat component for juvenile steelhead both as velocity refuge and as a means of avoiding predation (Xxxxxx 1991). However, steelhead also use riffles and other habitats not strongly associated with cover more than other salmonids during summer rearing. Young steelhead feed on a wide variety of aquatic and terrestrial insects, and emerging fry are sometimes preyed upon by older juveniles. In winter, they become inactive and hide in ...
Steelhead. The current North American range of steelhead extends from western Alaska, south to coastal streams near the U.S. border with Mexico. NMFS designated 15 separate DPSs of steelhead in the watersheds of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California. The steelhead in the vicinity of the Xxxxxxx Ranch belong to the CCC steelhead DPS, which includes all of the coastal streams from the Russian River south to Aptos Creek in Santa Xxxx County, California, plus all of the watersheds entering San Francisco and San Xxxxx Xxxx with the exception of the Sacramento River. CCC steelhead was listed under the ESA as a threatened species in 1997 (62 FR 43937). Xxxxxx et al. (2008) identified 37 separate independent (or potentially independent) populations of steelhead in the CCC DPS, including six in the Russian River basin. The Russian River is the largest watershed within the CCC steelhead DPS and its six populations are estimated to have collectively supported a run of 32,000 adult fish, representing about 30% of the total historical (pre-development) number of steelhead in the entire DPS (Xxxxxx et al. 2008, revised figures 2012). Other estimates suggest the Russian supported runs of 50,000+ adult steelhead (NMFS 2008). Wild steelhead are found in many of the tributaries to the Russian River; however, the estimated annual return of adult wild steelhead is now around 4,000 adult fish (XxXxxx 2001).
Steelhead. 1. On August 18, 1997 (62 FR 4393), NMFS listed the Southern California steelhead ESU as endangered and the Central California and South-Central California steelhead ESUs as threatened.
Steelhead. It is possible that adult steelhead could be encountered at the xxxx. From 2012 to 2016 the xxxx operated under a ‘not likely to adversely affect’ informal consultation letter issued by NOAA Fisheries on 11 July 2013. As of March 2017, xxxx operations and effects on ESA-listed Upper Columbia River spring Chinook salmon and steelhead are covered by CCT’s Tribal Resource Management Plan or TRMP (NMFS 2017) and pursuant to NOAA’s Tribal 4(d) Rule (50 C.F.R. § 223.209). NOAA evaluated CCT’s TRMP and supplemental materials and concluded that the activities described therein, including xxxx operations, qualify for limitation of take prohibitions provided those activities are implemented in accordance with the terms and reporting requirements described in a NOAA TRMP determination letter dated 2 March 2017. Prior to September 30, the emphasis will be to preempt encounters, minimize contact, and expedite passage in the direction of movement. Preemptive measures will include tower and bank observations and boat surveys below the xxxx during operational periods to look for approaching steelhead, and staff will also watch the vicinity of the xxxx for approaching steelhead. The TOG will be notified immediately of any steelhead observed. Xxxx operations will continue until or unless a TOG member requests a meeting and that meeting results in the TOG making a decision to cease xxxx operations. Steelhead will be provided passage at the xxxx in the direction of their approach movement by opening gates or raising pickets. Information collected on sockeye and Chinook interactions with the xxxx will inform the operation regarding options for steelhead, and relevant data will be shared with the TOG on a routine basis. Data will be summarized appropriately to assist in trend analysis. Initial data may support that no change in operations is necessary. Steelhead take limits are described in CCT’s TRMP (NMFS 2017), Examples of incidents involving steelhead which would result in temporary termination of xxxx operations:
Steelhead
