Secure Against Active Attacks Sample Clauses

Secure Against Active Attacks. Some of the standard protocols such as the ones in [FG10] and [FAA14] are vulnerable to active attacks such as Key-Offset and Forgery. We overcome this limitation by incorporating appropriate verification mechanisms that would abort the protocol in case of any change in values to be agreed upon. We ensure this by including a term which is a signature of the ephemeral keys. This provides enhanced security for minimal extra overhead. Table 1 compares our scheme with existing protocols. The comparison is based on the number of exponentiations (Exp), the number of pairing operations, the security model under which the schemes are proven secure and resistance to active adversary. Scheme Exp (each) Pairing (each) Security Model Active Ad- versary SCK-3 [CK03] 1 2 BJM × Xxx et al. [LKKO05] 2 2 N.A. × Farash and Attari [FAA14] 7 N.A. BJM × √ Proposed protocol 7 + 3# X.X. xXX #: This cost is for the correctness check. Table 1 : Comparison with the existing schemes All of the protocols listed in the table have been designed for the multiple PKG model. From the table we can see that our protocol has been proven secure in a much stronger model when compared to existing protocols. It is also noteworthy that our protocol offers resistance to active adversary. This guarantees origin authentication, a feature missing in the other protocols. Alongside these our protocol also fixes all the attacks of the scheme presented in [FAA14] as reported in [MM13]. But for this we have to pay a cost of 3 extra exponentiations compared to [FAA14]. However this extra computation is justifiable when compared to the advantages our protocol provides.
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