Common use of Research Aims Clause in Contracts

Research Aims. In order to gain a full appreciation of next generation institutional transnationalism, the study explores the following. First it describes and analyses the patterns of next generation inclusion across a range of philanthropic and political transnational organizations. Second, it investigates the form, frequency and impact of next generation institutionalized activities. Third, the study examines the factors that contribute to the emergence of next generation institutionalized activities. Amongst these factors, particular attention is paid to human variables, opportunity structures, processes of socialization, and individual volition, and how next generation institutionalized transnationalism affects assimilation and incorporation within the United States. The research on these aspects of next generation transnationalism has been organized around five key aims. These are outlined below, and briefly positioned in relation to related works. Furthermore, some brief details are provided on how these aims are addressed. This chapter then outlines the structure of the thesis, before concluding with a brief section on important aspects of the terminology used in the study. Previous studies that have explored institutional (▇▇▇▇▇-▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2005; ▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2008) and non- institutional (▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2002; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, 2002; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 2002) transnational activities among individuals born and/or raised in the United States predict mostly limited involvement - at rates that are significantly lower than the parental generation. This study therefore examines to what extent this also applies to their involvement in transnational organizations, paying particular attention to variations in an attempt to isolate factors and organizational characteristics that could explain next generation inclusion or exclusion. Itzigsohn and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (2002) distinguished between ‘broad’ and ‘narrow’ forms of transnational activities: the former designated occasional practices and the latter more regular commitments. This study investigates the positions and responsibilities that next generation individuals have assumed within their respective organizations, and the impact their contributions have generated in order to consider to what extent their contributions conform to ‘broad’ or ‘narrow’ definitions of transnationalism.