Microtransit Sample Clauses

Microtransit. Xxxxxxx et al. (2015a) define microtransit as “a more technology‐enabled type of alternative transit service (…) which can incorporate flexible routing, flexible scheduling, or both.” Although Xxxxxxx et al. consider commuters to be the primary targets for these services, they argue that the “use of advanced technology has the potential to lower operating costs for services that target special populations, such as disabled, older adults, and low-income groups.” Xxxxxxx et al. (2015a) further distinguish between the following variants:  fixed route, fixed schedule: these services are similar to public transit but “customers can make requests for new “crowdsourced” routes to be created based on demand”. According to Xxxxxxx et al. (2015a), “the impact of many microtransit services is still limited.”  flexible route with on-demand scheduling: as an illustration of the concept, Shaheen et al. (2015a) refer to “Boston-based Bridj, a mobile application that enables customers to request a ride in select neighborhoods (…). After the Bridj system receives pickup requests, its algorithm sets a central passenger meeting spot (…). Customers then walk to the meeting spot and share a ride with other passengers that have a similar route or destination as defined by the algorithm.” In the view of Xxxxxxx et al. (2015a), this system is closer to ridesplitting and paratransit services. Bridj is arguably the best-known example of a company that has harnessed the power of mobile applications in the transformation of alternative transit services, up to now successfully. There are also noteworthy failures, such as Leap, which had attempted to attract a new target audience with luxury microtransit services (including wood-trimmed interiors, black leather seats, individual USB ports and Wi-Fi.). However, it turned out that the willingness to pay for premium features was not high enough to make the business model viable, and Leap had to file for bankruptcy in July 201586. Xxxxxxx et al. (2011) have used simulations to demonstrate the viability, the cost-effectiveness, the resilience and the dependability of microtransit in an urban environment, but they acknowledge that the set-up costs of such systems can be high, and that obtaining a xxxxxxxx xxxx of customers is key. Moreover, they admit that the technology used for implementing such schemes may put off some categories of passengers. In the Helsinki area, the Kutsuplus service was terminated at the end of 2015, mainly because...
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