Common use of CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS Clause in Contracts

CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS. Species recovery depends on protecting and managing species genetic resources. This is a complex activity that includes: determining the genetic diversity of the endangered fishes; protecting species in refugia; planning, developing, and operating propagation facilities; propagating fish for augmentation or restoration, research, and information and education; and planning, implementing, and evaluating augmentation or restoration of species. Stocking is only an interim tool in the Recovery Program because recovery, by definition, implies that the populations will be self-sustaining in the wild. The success of augmentation and restoration stocking is dependent on prior or concurrent implementation of other recovery actions such as flow protection, habitat restoration, and management of nonnative fishes. This dependency is reflected in the schedule of subbasin-specific actions in Section 4.0. Studies to confirm genetic diversity have been vital to genetics management of the endangered fishes. Species are being protected in refugia to develop broodstocks and guard against catastrophe. Representatives of species thought to be in immediate danger of extinction are brought into refugia immediately. Refugia populations of species are developed using paired breeding matrices to maximize genetic variability and maintain genetic integrity. Most of this work is included under the General Recovery Program Support Action Plan because it applies to the entire Upper Basin. Subbasin-specific activities of augmenting or restoring species are placed under the subbasin Action Plans. Augmentation or restoration plans are being implemented, fish produced, and river reaches restored and augmented with those fish. The effects of these augmentation efforts need to be monitored and evaluated. Four basic documents are used to plan, implement, and coordinate genetics management and artificial propagation for the endangered fishes. These are the Genetics Management Guidelines (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1994), Genetics Management Plan (Xxxxxx 1999), Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan (Wydowski 1994), and the Revised Integrated Stocking Plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015). All four of these plans have been developed and will be revised or updated as needed. The Genetics Management Guidelines document provides the rationale, genetics concepts, and genetic risks to be considered in genetics-management planning and implementation. For example, it indicates that a fish population is the fundamental unit of genetics management and that its definition and characterization, relative to other populations, are important. Genetic surveys have been part of the identification and characterization process. Further, the prioritization and genetics management required for each population is determined by its relative population status, demographic trends, and genetics data derived from the surveys. The Genetics Management Plan is the operational document. It tells the "what, who, when, where" of implementation. It identifies specific objectives, tasks, activities, and type of facilities necessary to accomplish Recovery Program goals, i.e., protect population genetic integrity or restore a self-sustaining population in the wild. It is the action plan developed for implementation, directed by the Recovery Program goals, and structured along the format presented in the Genetics Management Planning Guidelines document. Facilities are required to meet long-term (5 years or more) augmentation and restoration stocking needs. The plans for these facilities are the Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan and the Facilities Plan. These plans, in accordance with the Genetics Management Plan, define facilities required to meet propagation needs, identify fish needs that can be met by existing facilities, and recommend expansion or modification of existing facilities. Genetics management requires a great deal of operational activity. Refugia and propagation facilities have been planned, built, and are now operated in a coordinated fashion. The State of Colorado operates the X. X. Xxxxx Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility in Alamosa, Colorado. The State of Utah raises bonytail at the Wahweap State Fish Hatchery in Big Water, Utah. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service operates the Ouray National Fish Hatchery with units near Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Valley Unit) and Vernal, Utah (Randlett Unit). The Integrated Stocking Plan (Xxxxxx et al. 2003) provided specific annual numbers of fish and their sizes to be produced at Recovery Program hatcheries and stocked into Upper Colorado River Basin river reaches. This plan has been implemented for over 10 years and has been revised based on recent estimates of survival of the stocked fish. The revised stocking plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015) recommends stocking larger bonytail and razorback suckers and releasing bonytail in floodplain habitats instead of canyon-bound reaches, since new information suggests floodplains may be more suitable habitat. Revisions to augmentation and restoration stocking (primarily for razorback sucker and bonytail) are intended to directly aid in recovery of the species and to establish fish in the system to be able to demonstrate that habitat and instream flow activities are having an effect on endangered fish recovery. Humpback chub are not currently being stocked; however, augmentation of existing small populations is being considered and additional brood fish from wild populations are being brought into hatcheries. An ad hoc group reviewed the population and known genetics information from all the humpback populations and concluded that the Recovery Program should: 1) use a decision tree to guide choices in creating a refuge population and potentially stocking fish into the wild; and 2) genetically test, and if appropriate, use humpback chub collected from Westwater Canyon and Black Rocks and potentially Desolation Canyon to develop a refugia for Upper Colorado River Basin genetics. Those populations have been shown to genetically represent most populations in the upper basin (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxx 2007, X. Xxxxxx, Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources & Recovery Center, personal communication).

CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS. ‌ Species recovery depends on protecting and managing species genetic resources. This is a complex activity that includes: determining the genetic diversity of the endangered fishes; protecting species in refugiarefuges; planning, developing, and operating propagation facilities; propagating fish for augmentation or restoration, research, and information and education; and planning, implementing, and evaluating augmentation or restoration of species. Stocking is only an interim tool in the Recovery Program because recovery, by definition, implies that the populations will be self-sustaining in the wild. The success of augmentation and restoration stocking is dependent on prior or concurrent implementation of other recovery actions such as flow protection, habitat restoration, and management of nonnative fishes. This dependency is reflected in the schedule of subbasin-specific actions in Section 4.0. Studies to confirm genetic diversity have been vital to genetics management of the endangered fishes. Species are being protected in refugia refuges to develop broodstocks and guard against catastrophe. Representatives of species thought to be in immediate danger of extinction are brought into refugia refuge immediately. Refugia Refuge populations of species are developed using paired breeding matrices to maximize genetic variability and maintain genetic integrity. Most of this work is included under the General Recovery Program Support Action Plan because it applies to the entire Upper Basin. Subbasin-specific activities of augmenting or restoring species are placed under the subbasin Action Plans. Augmentation or restoration plans are being implemented, fish produced, and river reaches restored and augmented with those fish. The effects of these augmentation efforts need to be monitored and evaluated. Four basic documents are used to plan, implement, and coordinate genetics management and artificial propagation for the endangered fishes. These are the Genetics Management Guidelines (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1994), Genetics Management Plan (Xxxxxx 1999), Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan (Wydowski 1994), and the Revised Integrated Stocking Plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015). All four of these plans have been developed and will be revised or updated as needed. The Genetics Management Guidelines document provides the rationale, genetics concepts, and genetic risks to be considered in genetics-management planning and implementation. For example, it indicates that a fish population is the fundamental unit of genetics management and that its definition and characterization, relative to other populations, are important. Genetic surveys have been part of the identification and characterization process. Further, the prioritization and genetics management required for each population is determined by its relative population status, demographic trends, and genetics data derived from the surveys. The Genetics Management Plan is the operational document. It tells the "what, who, when, where" of implementation. It identifies specific objectives, tasks, activities, and type of facilities necessary to accomplish Recovery Program goals, i.e., protect population genetic integrity or restore a self-sustaining population in the wild. It is the action plan developed for implementation, directed by the Recovery Program goals, and structured along the format presented in the Genetics Management Planning Guidelines document. Facilities are required to meet long-term (5 years or more) augmentation and restoration stocking needs. The plans for these facilities are the Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan and the Facilities Plan. These plans, in accordance with the Genetics Management Plan, define facilities required to meet propagation needs, identify fish needs that can be met by existing facilities, and recommend expansion or modification of existing facilities. Genetics management requires a great deal of operational activity. Refugia Refuge and propagation facilities have been planned, built, and are now operated in a coordinated fashion. The State of Colorado operates the X. X. Xxxxx Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility in Alamosa, Colorado. The State of Utah raises bonytail at the Wahweap State Fish Hatchery in Big Water, Utah. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service operates the Ouray National Fish Hatchery with units near Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Valley Unit) and Vernal, Utah (Randlett Unit). With a few exceptions, these facilities have achieved their stocking targets for the past six years. The Integrated Stocking Plan (Xxxxxx et al. 2003) provided provides specific annual numbers of fish and their sizes to be produced at Recovery Program hatcheries and stocked into Upper Colorado River Basin river reaches. This The plan has been was implemented for over 10 years and has been before being revised based on recent estimates of survival of the stocked fish. The revised stocking plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015) recommends stocking larger bonytail and razorback suckers sucker and releasing bonytail in floodplain habitats and backwaters instead of canyon-bound reaches, since new information suggests floodplains may be more suitable habitat. Revisions to augmentation and restoration stocking (primarily for razorback sucker and bonytail) are intended to directly aid in recovery of the species and to establish fish in the system to be able to demonstrate that habitat and instream flow activities are having an effect on endangered fish recovery. Despite implementation of the revised stocking plan, bonytail post-stocking survival continues to not meet expectations. Alternative diet studies, as well as flow training and anti-predator training efforts, are being considered by the Program in addition to ongoing evaluation of new stocking locations in efforts to increase post-stocking survival of bonytail. Humpback chub are not currently being stocked; however, augmentation of existing small extirpated populations is being considered and additional brood fish from wild populations are being brought into hatcheries. An ad hoc group reviewed A draft report on the population and known genetics information from all the of Gila spp. (Xxxx et xx.xx review), including humpback populations and concluded that the Recovery Program should: 1chub, indicates historical hybridization (not anthropogenic) use a decision tree to guide choices in creating a refuge population and potentially stocking fish into the wild; and 2) genetically test, and if appropriate, use occurred between humpback chub collected from Westwater Canyon and roundtail chub in Black Rocks and potentially Desolation Canyon to develop a refugia for Upper Colorado River Basin geneticsRocks. Those populations have been shown to genetically represent most populations The authors identified two management units in the upper basin (Xxxxxxx basin: Desolation-Cataract and Xxxxxxx 2007Black Rocks-Westwater. Authors did not recommend separate broodstocks, X. Xxxxxxrather that both management units be represented in a single Upper Basin broodstock, Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources & Recovery Center, personal communication)with individuals taken from multiple sites within each management unit to maintain genetic diversity.

CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS. Species recovery depends on protecting and managing species genetic resources. This is a complex activity that includes: determining the genetic diversity of the endangered fishes; protecting species in refugia; planning, developing, and operating propagation facilities; propagating fish for augmentation or restoration, research, and information and education; and planning, implementing, and evaluating augmentation or restoration of species. Stocking is only an interim tool in the Recovery Program because recovery, by definition, implies that the populations will be self-sustaining in the wild. The success of augmentation and restoration stocking is dependent on prior or concurrent implementation of other recovery actions such as flow protection, habitat restoration, and management of nonnative fishes. This dependency is reflected in the schedule of subbasin-specific actions in Section 4.0. Studies to confirm genetic diversity have been vital to genetics management of the endangered fishes. Species are being protected in refugia to develop broodstocks and guard against catastrophe. Representatives of species thought to be in immediate danger of extinction are brought into refugia immediately. Refugia populations of species are developed using paired breeding matrices to maximize genetic variability and maintain genetic integrity. Most of this work is included under the General Recovery Program Support Action Plan because it applies to the entire Upper Basin. Subbasin-specific activities of augmenting or restoring species are placed under the subbasin Action Plans. Augmentation or restoration plans are being implemented, fish produced, and river reaches restored and augmented with those fish. The effects of these augmentation efforts need to be monitored and evaluated. Four basic documents are used to plan, implement, and coordinate genetics management and artificial propagation for the endangered fishes. These are the Genetics Management Guidelines (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1994), Genetics Management Plan (Xxxxxx 1999), Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan (Wydowski 1994), and the Revised Integrated Stocking Plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015). All four of these plans have been developed and will be revised or updated as needed. The Genetics Management Guidelines document provides the rationale, genetics concepts, and genetic risks to be considered in genetics-management planning and implementation. For example, it indicates that a fish population is the fundamental unit of genetics management and that its definition and characterization, relative to other populations, are important. Genetic surveys have been part of the identification and characterization process. Further, the prioritization and genetics management required for each population is determined by its relative population status, demographic trends, and genetics data derived from the surveys. The Genetics Management Plan is the operational document. It tells the "what, who, when, where" of implementation. It identifies specific objectives, tasks, activities, and type of facilities necessary to accomplish Recovery Program goals, i.e., protect population genetic integrity or restore a self-sustaining population in the wild. It is the action plan developed for implementation, directed by the Recovery Program goals, and structured along the format presented in the Genetics Management Planning Guidelines document. Facilities are required to meet long-term (5 years or more) augmentation and restoration stocking needs. The plans for these facilities are the Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan and the Facilities Plan. These plans, in accordance with the Genetics Management Plan, define facilities required to meet propagation needs, identify fish needs that can be met by existing facilities, and recommend expansion or modification of existing facilities. Genetics management requires a great deal of operational activity. Refugia and propagation facilities have been planned, built, and are now operated in a coordinated fashion. The State of Colorado operates the X. X. Xxxxx Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility in Alamosa, Colorado. The State of Utah raises bonytail at the Wahweap State Fish Hatchery in Big Water, Utah. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service operates the Ouray National Fish Hatchery with units near Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Valley Unit) and Vernal, Utah (Randlett Unit). With a few exceptions, these facilities have achieved their stocking targets for the past six years The Integrated Stocking Plan (Xxxxxx et al. 2003) provided specific annual numbers of fish and their sizes to be produced at Recovery Program hatcheries and stocked into Upper Colorado River Basin river reaches. This plan has been implemented for over 10 years and has been revised based on recent estimates of survival of the stocked fish. The revised stocking plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015) recommends stocking larger bonytail and razorback suckers and releasing bonytail in floodplain habitats instead of canyon-bound reaches, since new information suggests floodplains may be more suitable habitat. Revisions to augmentation and restoration stocking (primarily for razorback sucker and bonytail) are intended to directly aid in recovery of the species and to establish fish in the system to be able to demonstrate that habitat and instream flow activities are having an effect on endangered fish recovery. Humpback chub are not currently being stocked; however, augmentation of existing small populations is being considered and additional brood fish from wild populations are being brought into hatcheries. An ad hoc group reviewed the population and known genetics information from all the humpback populations and concluded that the Recovery Program should: 1) use a decision tree to guide choices in creating a refuge population and potentially stocking fish into the wild; and 2) genetically test, and if appropriate, use humpback chub collected from Westwater Canyon and Black Rocks and potentially Desolation Canyon to develop a refugia for Upper Colorado River Basin genetics. Those populations have been shown to genetically represent most populations in the upper basin (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxx 2007, X. Xxxxxx, Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources & Recovery Center, personal communication).

CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS. Species recovery depends on protecting and managing species genetic resources. This is a complex activity that includes: determining the genetic diversity of the endangered fishes; protecting species in refugia; planning, developing, and operating propagation facilities; propagating fish for augmentation or restoration, research, and information and education; and planning, implementing, and evaluating augmentation or restoration of species. Stocking is only an interim tool in the Recovery Program because recovery, by definition, implies that the populations will be self-sustaining in the wild. The success of augmentation and restoration stocking is dependent on prior or concurrent implementation of other recovery actions such as flow protection, habitat restoration, and management of nonnative fishes. This dependency is reflected in the schedule of subbasin-specific actions in Section 4.0. Studies to confirm genetic diversity have been vital to genetics management of the endangered fishes. Species are being protected in refugia to develop broodstocks and guard against catastrophe. Representatives of species thought to be in immediate danger of extinction are brought into refugia immediately. Refugia populations of species are developed using paired breeding matrices to maximize genetic variability and maintain genetic integrity. Most of this work is included under the General Recovery Program Support Action Plan because it applies to the entire Upper BasinBasin wide. Subbasin-specific activities of augmenting or restoring species are placed under the subbasin Action Plans. Augmentation or restoration plans are being implemented, fish produced, and river reaches restored and augmented with those fish. The effects of these augmentation efforts need to be monitored and evaluated. Four basic documents are used to plan, implement, and coordinate genetics management and artificial propagation for the endangered fishes. These are the Genetics Management Guidelines (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1994)Guidelines, Genetics Management Plan (Xxxxxx 1999)Plan, Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan (Wydowski 1994Facility Plan), and the Revised Integrated Stocking Plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015)Plan. All four of these plans have been developed and will be revised or updated as needed. The Genetics Management Guidelines document provides the rationale, genetics concepts, and genetic risks to be considered in genetics-management planning and implementation. For example, it indicates that a fish population is the fundamental unit of genetics management and that its definition and characterization, relative to other populations, are important. Genetic surveys have been part of the identification and characterization process. Further, the prioritization and genetics management required for each population is determined by its relative population status, demographic trends, and genetics data derived from the surveys. The Genetics Management Plan is the operational document. It tells the "what, who, when, where" of implementation. It identifies specific objectives, tasks, activities, and type of facilities necessary to accomplish Recovery Program goals, i.e., protect population genetic integrity or restore a self-sustaining population in the wild. It is the action plan developed for implementation, directed by the Recovery Program goals, and structured along the format presented in the Genetics Management Planning Guidelines document. Facilities are required to meet long-term (5 years or more) augmentation and restoration stocking needs. The plans for these facilities are the Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan and the Facilities Plan. These plans, in accordance with the Genetics Management Plan, define facilities required to meet propagation needs, identify fish needs that can be met by existing facilities, and recommend expansion or modification of existing facilities. Genetics management requires a great deal of operational activity. Refugia and propagation facilities have been planned, built, and are now operated in a coordinated fashion. The State of Colorado operates the X. X. Xxxxx Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility in Alamosa, Colorado. The State of Utah raises bonytail at the Wahweap State Fish Hatchery in Big Water, Utah. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service operates the Ouray National Fish Hatchery with units near Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Valley Unit) and Vernal, Utah (Randlett Unit). The Integrated Stocking Plan (Xxxxxx et al. 2003) provided specific annual numbers of fish and their sizes to be produced at Recovery Program hatcheries and stocked into Upper Colorado River Basin river reaches. This plan has been implemented for over 10 7 years and has been is being revised based on recent estimates of survival of the stocked fish. The A draft revised stocking plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015) recommends stocking larger bonytail and razorback suckers and releasing bonytail in floodplain habitats instead of canyon-bound reaches, since new information suggests floodplains may be more suitable habitat. Revisions to augmentation and restoration stocking (primarily for razorback sucker and bonytail) are intended to directly aid in recovery of the species and to establish fish in the system to be able to demonstrate that habitat and instream flow activities are having an effect on endangered fish recovery. Humpback chub are not currently being stocked; however, augmentation of existing small populations is being considered and additional brood fish from wild populations are being brought into hatcheries. An ad hoc group reviewed the population and known genetics information from all the humpback populations and concluded that the Recovery Program should: 1) use a decision tree to guide choices in creating a refuge population and potentially stocking fish into the wild; and 2) genetically test, and if appropriate, use humpback chub collected from Westwater Canyon and Black Rocks and potentially Desolation Canyon to develop a refugia for Upper Colorado River Basin genetics. Those populations have been shown to genetically represent most populations in the upper basin (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxx 2007, X. Xxxxxx, Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources & Recovery Center, personal communication).

CONSERVE GENETIC INTEGRITY AND AUGMENT OR RESTORE POPULATIONS. ‌ Species recovery depends on protecting and managing species genetic resources. This is a complex activity that includes: determining the genetic diversity of the endangered fishes; protecting species in refugia; planning, developing, and operating propagation facilities; propagating fish for augmentation or restoration, research, and information and education; and planning, implementing, and evaluating augmentation or restoration of species. Stocking is only an interim tool in the Recovery Program because recovery, by definition, implies that the populations will be self-sustaining in the wild. The success of augmentation and restoration stocking is dependent on prior or concurrent implementation of other recovery actions such as flow protection, habitat restoration, and management of nonnative fishes. This dependency is reflected in the schedule of subbasin-specific actions in Section 4.0. Studies to confirm genetic diversity have been vital to genetics management of the endangered fishes. Species are being protected in refugia to develop broodstocks and guard against catastrophe. Representatives of species thought to be in immediate danger of extinction are brought into refugia immediately. Refugia populations of species are developed using paired breeding matrices to maximize genetic variability and maintain genetic integrity. Most of this work is included under the General Recovery Program Support Action Plan because it applies to the entire Upper Basin. Subbasin-specific activities of augmenting or restoring species are placed under the subbasin Action Plans. Augmentation or restoration plans are being implemented, fish produced, and river reaches restored and augmented with those fish. The effects of these augmentation efforts need to be monitored and evaluated. Four basic documents are used to plan, implement, and coordinate genetics management and artificial propagation for the endangered fishes. These are the Genetics Management Guidelines (Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1994), Genetics Management Plan (Xxxxxx 1999), Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan (Wydowski 1994), and the Revised Integrated Stocking Plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015). All four of these plans have been developed and will be revised or updated as needed. The Genetics Management Guidelines document provides the rationale, genetics concepts, and genetic risks to be considered in genetics-management planning and implementation. For example, it indicates that a fish population is the fundamental unit of genetics management and that its definition and characterization, relative to other populations, are important. Genetic surveys have been part of the identification and characterization process. Further, the prioritization and genetics management required for each population is determined by its relative population status, demographic trends, and genetics data derived from the surveys. The Genetics Management Plan is the operational document. It tells the "what, who, when, where" of implementation. It identifies specific objectives, tasks, activities, and type of facilities necessary to accomplish Recovery Program goals, i.e., protect population genetic integrity or restore a self-sustaining population in the wild. It is the action plan developed for implementation, directed by the Recovery Program goals, and structured along the format presented in the Genetics Management Planning Guidelines document. Facilities are required to meet long-term (5 years or more) augmentation and restoration stocking needs. The plans for these facilities are the Coordinated Hatchery Facility Plan and the Facilities Plan. These plans, in accordance with the Genetics Management Plan, define facilities required to meet propagation needs, identify fish needs that can be met by existing facilities, and recommend expansion or modification of existing facilities. Genetics management requires a great deal of operational activity. Refugia and propagation facilities have been planned, built, and are now operated in a coordinated fashion. The State of Colorado operates the X. X. Xxxxx Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility in Alamosa, Colorado. The State of Utah raises bonytail at the Wahweap State Fish Hatchery in Big Water, Utah. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service operates the Ouray National Fish Hatchery with units near Grand Junction, Colorado (Grand Valley Unit) and Vernal, Utah (Randlett Unit). With a few exceptions, these facilities have achieved their stocking targets for the past six years. The Integrated Stocking Plan (Xxxxxx et al. 2003) provided specific annual numbers of fish and their sizes to be produced at Recovery Program hatcheries and stocked into Upper Colorado River Basin river reaches. This plan has been implemented for over 10 years and has been revised based on recent estimates of survival of the stocked fish. The revised stocking plan (Integrated Stocking Plan Revision Committee 2015) recommends stocking larger bonytail and razorback suckers and releasing bonytail in floodplain habitats instead of canyon-bound reaches, since new information suggests floodplains may be more suitable habitat. Revisions to augmentation and restoration stocking (primarily for razorback sucker and bonytail) are intended to directly aid in recovery of the species and to establish fish in the system to be able to demonstrate that habitat and instream flow activities are having an effect on endangered fish recovery. Humpback chub are not currently being stocked; however, augmentation of existing small populations is being considered and additional brood fish from wild populations are being brought into hatcheries. An ad hoc group reviewed the population and known genetics information from all the humpback populations and concluded that the Recovery Program should: 1) use a decision tree to guide choices in creating a refuge population and potentially stocking fish into the wild; and 2) genetically test, and if appropriate, use humpback chub collected from Westwater Canyon and Black Rocks and potentially Desolation Canyon to develop a refugia for Upper Colorado River Basin genetics. Those populations have been shown to genetically represent most populations in the upper basin (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxx 2007,). A draft report on the genetics of Gila spp. (Xxxx, X. Xxxxxxin prep), Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources & Recovery Centerincluding humpback chub, personal communication)indicates historical hybridization (not anthropogenic) occurred between humpback chub and roundtail chub in Black Rocks. The authors identified two management units in the upper basin: Desolation-Cataract and Black Rocks-Westwater. Authors did not recommend separate broodstocks, rather both management units be represented in a single Upper Basin broodstock, with individuals taken from multiple sites within each management unit to maintain genetic diversity. Report will be finalized upon inclusion of Westwater samples.