Common use of Climate Clause in Contracts

Climate. Several dry years may cause a reduction in the number of suitable sites available to Columbia spotted frogs and affect the connectivity of extant sites. Local extinctions from habitats that in normal years are available as frog habitat may eliminate source populations for recolonization. Dry years are likely to exacerbate the effects of other threats, increasing the possibility of stochastic extinction of subpopulations by reducing their size and their connectedness to other subpopulations (IDFG et al. 1995). Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. UV-B radiation has been implicated as an important factor in the global decline of amphibians, especially those with low levels of the DNA repair enzyme photolyase (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ 1994; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ 1995, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. 2001). Evidence from recent experiments indicate that Columbia spotted frogs show variable, but high levels of the enzyme. Patterns of population decline in Nevada at low elevation sites, where UV-B effects should be minimal, do not support UV-B as a causative factor (Reaser 1997).