Common use of Substructure Clause in Contracts

Substructure. The four pylons rest on large concrete substructure foun- dations, 90 m (300’) in diameter and 65 m (210’) high, which distribute all forces to the soil. These include the horizontal forces that result from the inertia of the structure in relation to the action of the hydrodynamic forces generated by motion in the ground during an earthquake, as well as the overturn- ing moment generated by the horizontal forces and their level arm. Below this substructure, designers improved the bearing capacity of the soil by adding inclusions, which consist of 20 mm-thick (.79”) steel pipes, approximately 25 to 30 m (82 to 98’) long and 2 m (6.6’) in diameter, driven into the soil at 7 to 8 m (23 to 26’) intervals. The gravel layer acts as a fuse, limit-