Resident/Bystander tab Sample Clauses
Resident/Bystander tab orchard spraying scenario - Inputs specific to bystander and residents exposed to spray drift Number of iterations to run 175,000 Increasing the number will increase run-time, but reduce variability of output between runs Growth stage dormant Dormant, transition, full leaf Add noise To be removed in final version Bodyweight kg Distribution Distributions based on EFSA data (Efsa Scientific Committee, 2012). EFSA-recommended or user- defined constant also possible Short term (moderate activity) breathing rate m3/hour Distribution Assumes moderate activity. Distribution based on EPA data (US EPA) ch 6 ; US constant, EFSA- recommended or user-defined constant also possible Long term average breathing rate m3/day Distribution Assumes daily average. Based on EPA data (US EPA) ch 6. US constant, EFSA-recommended or user-defined constant also possible Clothing penetration % Distribution 0.1-1.0 Combines skin area uncovered with penetration through clothing, to give a single ‘penetration’ value. No data available. BROWSE survey data suggests few people would deliberately cover up because of nearby pesticide application, and it can be assumed that the people undertaking moderate to heavy activity will be wearing less than average level of clothing. Distribution also an option – a uniform distribution between 0.1 and 1.0 Closest distance to sprayed area m 2 2-20 These define the uniform distribution of distances for the bystander/resident. Can be set equal to define a fixed position Furthest distance from sprayed area m 20 2-20 Fraction of dermal exposure on hand Distribution The fraction of the direct dermal exposure that was measured on the hands – data from UK Defra project PS2006. User –input possible Surface area of hand contacting mouth m2 0.002 Estimated for child (▇▇▇▇▇▇, et al., 2008). User-input possible Duration of exposure/activity (post-application) hours Distribution US EPA distribution, EFSA constant, US EPA constant, user value The duration for a person engaged in outdoor activities in contact with contaminated turf. Distribution based on EPA Exposure Factors Handbook ch16 (US EPA). EFSA and US recommendations are based on a curtailed distribution, giving an mean of 2.0 or 1.5 hours respectively. BROWSE survey data suggested much higher averages than this. Half life of a.s. on adjacent vegetation days 30 any The half-life of the active substance on turf Turf Transfer Residue none Distribution US EPA values; EFSA values; distribution based on US EPA da...
Resident/Bystander tab boom spraying scenario - Inputs specific to bystander and residents exposed to spray drift Number of iterations to run 175,000 Increasing the number will increase run-time, but reduce variability of output between runs Number of upwind passes none 3 1 - 10 This defines the number of passes for which the bystander or resident is present downwind of the spray. No data available to define this – common sense suggests that for a small field, a sprayer will traverse quickly e.g. for a 240 m field length, sprayed at 12 km/h, it will take around 5 minutes for a sprayer to pass a fixed point 3 times. A worst case could be much higher for a bystander who doesn’t deliberately move away, but the first 3 swaths deliver the majority of the total spray Standard deviation of boom height distribution m 0.2 x boom height 0-1.0 Defined in BREAM project as a very worst case of 0.3 x boom height. Reduced slightly for BROWSE to 0.2 x boom height based on expert judgement. Further data needed to relate different types of boom suspension to this measure of stability Droplet evaporation none None None, moderate, high Relates to wet bulb depression of 0 -3 C, 3 -7 C, >7 C. Greatest exposure from highest evaporation, but since droplet evaporation is also product- dependent, the effect of low humidity is relatively poorly understood Vapour exposure parameters are duplicated here Bodyweight kg Distribution Distributions based on EFSA data (Efsa Scientific Committee, 2012). EFSA-recommended or user- defined constant also possible Short term (moderate activity) breathing rate m3/hour Distribution Assumes moderate activity. Distribution based on EPA data (US EPA) ch 6 ; US constant, EFSA- recommended or user-defined constant also possible Long term average breathing rate m3/day Distribution Assumes daily average. Based on EPA data (US EPA) ch 6. US constant, EFSA-recommended or user-defined constant also possible Clothing penetration % Distribution 0.1-1.0 Combines skin area uncovered with penetration through clothing, to give a single ‘penetration’ value. No data available. BROWSE survey data suggests few people would deliberately cover up because of nearby pesticide application, and it can be assumed that the people undertaking moderate to heavy activity will be wearing less than average level of clothing. Distribution also an option – a uniform distribution between 0.1 and 1.0 Closest distance m 2 2-20 These define the range for the to sprayed area uniform distribution of distances f...