Common use of Case Studies Clause in Contracts

Case Studies. ‌ In the previous task, a comprehensive literature review of existing AFC systems was conducted. The literature review helped identify current practices and innovative methods and applications on the use of AFC data. This task enhances the Literature Review by identifying three case studies. These are locations where transit agencies have utilized AFC data to develop approaches, methodologies, technologies, applications, tools, etc. to help improve their efficiencies. This was based on the available information available through documentations, project reports, and research papers. The case studies focus on the use of AFC data, the analysis, and the methods used to retrieve, analyze, and visualize the data for transit planning applications. The selected locations of the case studies are New York, Massachusetts, and Utah with their corresponding transit agencies: Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), and the Utah Transit Authority (UTA). Below is the general information of each of the agencies: The MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority) is North America's largest transportation network, serving a population of 15.3 million people in the 5,000-square-mile area from New York City through Long Island, southeastern New York State, and Connecticut. The MTA network comprises the nation’s largest bus fleet and more subway and commuter rail cars than all other U.S. transit systems combined. The MTA's operating agencies are MTA New York City Transit, MTA Bus, Long Island Rail Road, Metro-North Railroad, and MTA Bridges and Tunnels. The MTA transit network operates 24 hours per day. The MTA subway had a daily ridership of approximately 5.5 million and an annual ridership in 2019 of roughly 1.698 billion. It includes 472 subway stations and more than 6,600 subway cars, which collectively traveled about 365 million miles in 2019. At the end of 2019, the MTA Bus and New York City Transit bus system had 327 routes: 234 local, 20 Select Bus Service, and 73 express routes. The bus fleet had a total of 5,927 vehicles, all 100% accessible to riders with disabilities. The bus daily ridership was approximately 2.2 million and an annual ridership of 678 million in 2019. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, often referred to as the MBTA or simply “The T”, is the public operator of most bus, subway, commuter rail and ferry systems in the greater Boston, Massachusetts, area. It is the largest transit provider in New England, and the fifth largest in the country. The MBTA district is made up of 175 communities with a total population of 4.7 million. MBTA fixed route service serves the Greater Boston area. The subway is the largest part of Boston’s public transit system with 4 main subway lines: the Green, Blue, Orange, and Red lines serving throughout Allston, Braintree, Brighton, Brookline, Cambridge, Dorchester, East Boston, Jamaica Plain, Malden, Mattapan, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, ▇▇▇▇▇▇, Mission Hill, Newton, Quincy, Revere, Roxbury, Somerville, and South Boston. The hours of operation vary, but most bus and train service start around 5:00 AM and ends around 1:00 AM. In Boston, 55% of all work trips and 42% of all trips into downtown are made by transit. It roughly provided a weekday average of 1.3 million rides of all modes and 90% of those rides were on bus, heavy rail, and light rail. The bus service has a weekday average ridership of 153,000 as of July 2020. The MBTA operates 171 bus routes and 4 rapid transit routes in the Greater Boston area, with connections to the subway and commuter rail. As per July 2020 data, the subway has a ridership of 140,000 trips each weekday. It has 128 stops making easier the connections to or from other subway lines, MBTA buses, Commuter Rail, Amtrak, and regional bus services. Utah Transit Authority (UTA) provides an integrated system of innovative, accessible, and efficient public transportation services that contribute to increased access to opportunities and a healthy environment for all people of the Wasatch region. It operates bus, bus rapid transit, light rail, commuter rail, vanpool, streetcar, and Paratransit services in Box Elder, Davis, Salt Lake, Tooele, Utah, and ▇▇▇▇▇ Counties. In 2018, UTA ridership reached more than 44 million trips with a daily ridership of 152,826 trips. 100% of UTA's fixed route bus and TRAX light rail service is wheelchair accessible with lift-equipped or low floor buses and trains. Riders can choose from more than 120 bus routes across UTA’s 1,400-mile service area. The UTA’s bus fleet had a total of 520 buses in 2018. They also provide a paratransit service counting with 80 paratransit vehicles for qualifying riders. As of 2018, the bus service had a ridership of more than 74,000 trips. Bus schedule varies from 4:00 AM to 1:00 AM seven days a week. TRAX, UTA’s light rail system has a total of 114 vehicles with 42.5 miles of line and 50 stations offering convenient connections to community destinations like shopping centers, schools and universities, FrontRunner stations, bus hubs, and Park & Ride lots throughout the Salt Lake valley. TRAX runs seven days per week, with 15-minute headways during peak times. In 2018, the FrontRunner commuter service had an average weekday boardings of 18,431 and the TRAX light rail 57,103. 3.1 New York MTA‌