sudo definition
sudo access is generally restricted; sudo access to very specific commands is only granted after a security review of the impact of said access and then only if there is a very strong need for said access.
sudo means that you are executing the script with elevated permissions. You will be asked for logon credentials, if you have not supplied them already. When you have logged on, Apache 2.x will be installed. This seems like a lot of work but most packages can be installed with this method.