Curricular alignment definition
Curricular alignment. A re-examination. ” by ▇. ▇. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ Theory into Practice, 41(4), 255–260. Moreover, there can be discrepancies and content issues in textbooks. For example, According to ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ & ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (2012), "The pictures that are presented in the textbook don't depict actual events or true feeling. Kids need to witness an accurate depiction of what actually transpired” (p 265). Critical thinking is one of the most frequently mentioned educational competencies which contributes to the wholesome development of a student and studying history is a novel way to develop this skill. However, data from several studies identified the issue with defining and incorporating critical thinking into the curriculum. Moreover, much of the available literature on planned and enacted curricula deals with the question of alignment as the gap between officials and schools may deteriorate education at different levels, namely the failure to fulfill the actual needs of teachers and students. Alignment of the planned and enacted curriculum is essential for teaching "History of Kazakhstan" incorporating critical thinking and better alignment between the two will lead to the improved achievement of curriculum goals. Teachers’ beliefs and vision are important for effective curriculum implementation, which focuses on total alignment between the planned and enacted curriculum. Moreover, a clear understanding of the curriculum by designers will help the teachers to engage with materials effectively. The issue of teachers who do not follow the official instructions can turn into distrust between officials and teachers. As a result, different aims and visions in teaching students may negatively affect the learning process on a social and personal level. The field of curriculum needs to think about solutions for this issue, and this research will contribute to understanding teachers’ and curriculum designers’ perception of integrating critical thinking in the History of Kazakhstan curriculum and alignment of planned and enacted curriculum in the Kazakhstani context.