Confounding definition

Confounding is a statistic term and it means a situation in which the effect or association between an exposure to intervention/project participation and outcome is distorted by the presence of another variable.
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Examples of Confounding in a sentence

  • Confounding factors influencing amyloid Beta concentration in cerebrospinal fluid.

  • An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies.

  • Confounding factors such as socioeconomic status were not considered in the design and analysis, and this could impact on the results.

  • Confounding was considered present if a >10% change in the odds ratio was observed.

  • Confounding was assessed using non-statistical criteria, in keeping with the view that confounding is an issue of validity and as such reflects systematic error, not random error (137).

  • Confounding with familial determinants affects the association between mode of delivery and childhood asthma medication–a national cohort study.

  • Confounding factors may also influence the relationship between fertility and mental health: women with unintended pregnancy are at increased risk of physical abuse around the time of pregnancy (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al.

  • Confounding was evaluated by assessing the effect covariates had on the parameter estimate for nasal colonization.

  • Confounding was further addressed by adjusting for the predefined variables age, GCS, pupil reactivity, ASDH size and midline shift.14 The common OR is presented as a comparison between the first and the fourth quartile (IQR) of the instrument (the adjusted probabilities for undergoing acute surgery) and can be interpreted as the odds for a more favourable outcome when comparing centres favouring a strategy of acute surgery to those favouring initial conservative treatment.

  • Confounding factors for the pain score including analgesic use or other pain management therapies will be measured at screening and all follow up visits, and compared between treatment arms to ensure proper balance within each site.

Related to Confounding

  • Topcoat means a coating that is applied over a primer on an aerospace vehicle or component for appearance, identification, camouflage, or protection. Topcoats that are defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition.

  • FIDIC means the Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs-Conseils, the international federation of consulting engineers.

  • EDFR means the Eurosystem Deposit Facility Rate, the rate on the deposit facility, which banks may use to make overnight deposits with the Eurosystem (comprising the European Central Bank and the national central banks of those countries that have adopted the Euro) as published on the Website of the European Central Bank;

  • Cyberbullying means any form of communication by electronic act that is sent with the purpose to:

  • snippet means a legally binding agreement (made pursuant to the provisions of this Framework Agreement) for the provision of the Services made between a Contracting Body and the Supplier comprising of an Order Form and the Call-Off Terms;","size":74,"snippetLinks":[{"key":"legally-binding-agreement","type":"clause","offset":[8,33]},{"key":"the-provisions-of-this","type":"clause","offset":[52,74]},{"key":"framework- agreement","type":"definition","offset":[75,94]},{"key":"the-provision-of-the-services","type":"clause","offset":[100,129]},{"key":"contracting-body","type":"definition","offset":[145,161]},{"key":"the-supplier","type":"clause","offset":[166,178]},{"key":"order-form","type":"clause","offset":[196,206]},{"key":"off-terms","type":"clause","offset":