Byungjin definition
Byungjin means “progress in tandem” or “to move two things forward simultaneously.” Kim Il-sung declared the byungjin line in 1962 as a national economic and defense strategy. It is different from Kim Jong-un’s byungjin line announced in 2013 that advocates for “a higher stage of the original line” with more emphasis on economic development (Kim S.Y. 2013, as discussed in Gause 2014, p. 131).