Baraka definition

Baraka is a term that denotes spiritual grace, blessings, and charisma. It also supposes magico-religious powers. Over the course of Senegalese religious history, marabouts, particularly those in high level positions in the brotherhoods, have been able to consolidate and expand the polysemic nature of baraka such that it has come to mean, as Cruise ▇’▇▇▇▇▇ (1975: 10) puts it, “a special spiritual grace, a special position with God which may include the power to redeem souls….it also….has come to imply political as well as economic power, in other terms a special position with the authorities of the state.” “The power of the saint, spiritually sanctioned,” he concludes, “is truly a legitimate authority.” Much of the economic and political dimensions to marabouts’ charismatic power stems from the wealth collected by the maraboutic elite through their disciple’s donations, 40 The correct Arabic plural form is actually chouyoukh in French transliteration, shuyukh in English; “les cheikhs” is used vernacularly in Senegal. 41 In Senegal, the formal head of the brotherhood is called the “xalifa-générale”, a term that emerged in colonial times. He is usually a direct descendant of the original founder and serves as the head until his death, at which time his successor is chosen by a council made up of the highest cheikhs in the brotherhood. gifts, and the fruits of taalibes’ labor42 and the close relationships they developed with the colonial administration and the post-colonial state, particularly the Senghor government. However, it is important to remember that the orders’ elite are not representative of the vast majority of religious guides, for marabouts exist at all levels of Senegalese society. Further, as ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1995) reminds us, though marabouts generally enjoy power, status, authority, and influence, they have clear responsibilities to their taalibes, both material and spiritual. Theirs is a clientelistic relationship. Taalibes in need will go to their marabouts for monetary assistance and he is under strong, long-standing social obligations to help them.43 More than material aid, serignes must also be available to offer their taalibes assistance with life problems on magico- religious terms.44 This clientelistic relationship between master and disciple is importantly a contingent, interdependent one. Although a marabout can allude to his saintly genealogy in order validate his authority and legitimacy, it is ultimately through taalibes’ patronage that one’s ...
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Examples of Baraka in a sentence

  • Seperti, Pekuburan kuno (mandu) yang banyak tersebar di Wilayah Massenrempulu (Duri) misalnya : di Tontonan, Dea Kaju, ▇▇▇ ▇▇▇▇▇ banyak lagi yang tersebar diperbukitan- perbukitan wilayah Kelurahan Lakawan hingga ke kecamatan Baraka saat ini.

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  • Meri, J.W. 1999b, ‘Aspects of Baraka (Blessing) and Ritual Devotion among Medieval Muslims and Jews’, Medieval Encounters: Jewish, Christian and Muslim culture in Confluence and Dialogue 5, 46-49.

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