Anthropometric Measurements definition
Anthropometric Measurements. Body weight was measured in kilograms without shoes or heavy clothing or jewelry using a standardized, calibrated scale. Height was measured barefoot using a standardized stadiometer. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the height in meters squared. Waist circumference was measured while participants were standing using a non-elastic measuring tape at the midway point between the lowest point of the costal margin and the highest point of the iliac crest.177 Overweight was defined using Asian-specific cut-points: a BMI of 23 kg/m2 or greater or a waist circumference of greater than or equal to 80 cm for women or 90 cm for men.173 All analyses were conducted in SAS, version 9.3 (Cary, N.C). Variables of interest were first checked for normality; since all variables were roughly normal, no transformations of continuous variables were necessary. Exercise self-efficacy scores (making time and sticking to it) and weight loss self-efficacy score and subscale scores were calculated. Variables for calculated average minutes of exercise per week and a categorical variable for past weight loss experience (have not attempted weight loss, lost weight and maintained some or all of the loss, lost weight but gained back some or all of the weight, lost and regained weight many times [weight cycling], or did not lose any of the desired weight) were created. Population distributions or means for demographic and anthropometric variables were measured. ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ correlation coefficients were calculated to quantify the relationships between BMI or waist circumference and behavioral factors (days per week consuming fruit or vegetables, past weight loss experience, and average minutes of exercise per week) and self-efficacy scores (weight loss and exercise self-efficacy). Correlations were compared across subgroups of the study population by stratifying by gender, marital status, income, and education. Correlations were also calculated between covariates (WEL total score and subscale scores, exercise self-efficacy scores, fruit and vegetable intake, experience with past weight loss attempts, and minutes per week exercising) to look for relationships between the independent variables. Bivariable linear regression using SAS’s proc glm function was used to assess the relative importance of self-efficacy, behavioral factors, and demographic factors (age, gender, monthly household income, education, and marital status) in determining BMI and waist circumference in ...