Research Methodology. To analyse the growth processes of technology-based new ventures I conducted a survey among entrepreneurial firms. Due to the large sample size, this method is usually very reliable and enables the researcher to generalise the corresponding findings. The survey in this study has a longitudinal design. This design allows me to track the evolution of dynamic capabilities in a larger sample of entrepreneurial firms as discrete events over time. The survey population comprises a set of German technology-based new ventures that survived a predefined observation period and thus are ex ante considered as successful. All sample firms are located in one region. By focusing on a certain geographical area, I eliminate environmental influences such as infrastructure, access to labour markets, educational and scientific institutions, government support, etc. These effects often have a significant impact on the evolution of start-up firms and may inhibit the comparability of the sample companies. To ensure a large population of entrepreneurial ventures, I chose an innovative cluster for the survey. Innovative clusters facilitate regional entrepreneurial activity (Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxxx, and Xxxxxxxx 2001). In fact, entirely new industries such as semiconductors, biotechnology, microcomputers, or information and communication technologies have developed in specific geographic regions (Xxxxxxx 2001). A major source for the foundation of new firms is tacit knowledge. This knowledge is usually developed in regional clusters and cannot be diffused easily across geographic areas (Xxxxxx and von Xxxx 0000; Xxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx 2001). The entrepreneurial activity within the cluster is mostly determined by its regional strength (Sternberg 1996). This strength is often influenced by the existence of active research universities, strong local networks, and venture capital (Xxxxxxx 2001). A region with high entrepreneurial activity is the area around Munich. It is considered as “the heartland of the entrepreneurial régime” in Germany (Xxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxxx 2002, p. 117). In particular, the biotech cluster at Martinsried, a Munich suburb, still constitutes a major European centre for life sciences (Lehrer and Xxxxxxx 0000x; Lehrer and Xxxxxxx 2004b). Thus, I decided to limit the population of this study to technology-based new ventures in the Munich region. To show the evolution of dynamic capabilities in technology-based start-ups, the observation period starts with the foundatio...
Research Methodology. The activities which took place during task 2 of work package 1 were divided into the following three phases (outlined in Figure 1): Figure1: Task 2 phases – process-tool design, data collection, and data analysis Phase 1. Initially, the study and research plan has been discussed and decided among the partners. Search keywords regarding training programs in e-Governance area have been defined, and geographical search areas have been allocated to each partner and the training programs metadata to be collected have been specified. The Workshop and questionnaire design, to include the wider e-Governance community in the study, took place in this phase.
Research Methodology. In this research we will use quantitative methods of operations management field. It is predetermined by the nature of the current project and the objectives of our master thesis. Xxxxxx (2005) divides quantitative model-driven research methodology into two groups: Empirical (descriptive or normative) and Axiomatic (descriptive or normative). Figure 4-1 Quantitative method driven research In the thesis, we will use both normative and descriptive empirical research while doing forecasting of demand based on historical data. On the other hand we will have analytical approach while building optimization models for the integrated cluster and analyzing them. The structure of data will not have any influence while building the models and analyzing them. Implementation of the models will be done in AMPL (a mathematical programming language) and CPLEX 9.0.0 solver will be used.
Research Methodology. The survey method was adopted to test the hypotheses proposed in this study. A questionnaire survey was designed for respondents to assess the performance of a project that they had participated and to evaluate the influence of the variables in measuring respondent’s perceptions of the advantages and limitations of Relationship Agreements. The questions were phrased to ask the respondents an affirmative response on the relevant indicators impacting the success of relationship agreements in project. Respondents’ profile and the project information were also collected in the survey. Before undertaking an industry-wide survey, a pilot study was conducted among a five member focus group explaining the research intents and the questions in order to validate the contents for accurate translation of the overall model construct. Based on the feedback received, the questionnaire was refined and the ethics clearance was obtained from the University Ethics Committee for conducting the industry- wide survey. The preliminary data was collected from a total of 43 medium to large construction firms in Australia. The target population of the survey in this study was contractors, architects, consultants and owners involved mostly in infrastructure, residential and commercials projects. Table 1: Summary of respondents’ profile Filed of work Experience (years) Project budgets ($ million) Contractor 58% <3 21% <5 2% Architect 10% 3-5 24% 5-20 11% Consultant/Designer 19% 6-10 29% 21-50 8% Owner/Developer 13% 11-21 22% 51-100 47% >20 4% >100 32% Table 1 shows the respondents profile in terms of field of work, years of experience and project size. Total 150 questionnaires were mailed out or hand delivered to target participants involved mostly in the senior management teams and 97 valid responses were returned. Among the 97 respondents, 56 are contractors, 10 are architects, 18 are consultants or designers and 13 are owners or developers. A response rate of 64% has been considered as extremely successful as this exceeds the 37% threshold of the suggested response rate of a survey of this kind (Xxxxxxx 2002). Such a response rate was primarily due to the selection of the sample and the interaction between the researcher and the respondents in confirming willingness and participation in the study. The valid dataset was then analysed on SPSS software.
Research Methodology. This report examines contemporary academic journal articles and grey literature evaluating the economic, legal, and policy considerations of formal water markets or water banking in the western United States and relevant international contexts. It includes a thorough review of literature with a focus on Washington State and the Yakima Basin from the last 20 years. Our research targeted references to either water banks and/or water banking, water markets and/or water marketing, water transfers, water reallocation, or water right exchanges (see Appendix A for a search string listing). We performed our literature search in six databases— Scopus, Xxxx, Proquest Dissertation, Proquest Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Database, Google, and Google Scholar—to identify relevant articles in legal and academic journals in addition to government and non-governmental reports. We limited our search to reports published after 2008 to focus our review recent findings and recommendations. We augmented our review of water marketing specific to Washington and Oregon by expanding the qualifying time frame to documents published after 1998 for documents that explicitly mentioned these states. TU and KRD provided additional literature specific to the Yakima Basin that were not produced in our search to be included in our review (these documents are specifically discussed in Chapter 4). The initial literature search produced 446 documents that met the search criteria, including 44 documents from the expanded search of literature specific to Oregon and Washington. To reduce the amount of literature to consider, we narrowed our search with two rounds of screening. First, we refined the scope to literature focused primarily on Australia, Canada, Chile, and the western United States—areas with legal division of land and water rights and literature on public perception of water markets. This round of screening removed 146 documents from consideration. The second round of screening was to identify articles that were deemed most relevant to the consideration of the Yakima River Basin Integrated Water Resource Management Plan. Relevance was determined by: 1) discussion of formal water trading, 2) analysis or assessment of performance of instituted water markets, and/or 3) a consideration of the impacts of a government entity’s involvement, as a water market user or regulator. This round of screening removed articles that focused on abstract economic theory or hypothetical water ...
Research Methodology. The study used quantitative research. Quantitative research relies on deductive reasoning or deduction (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxx, 2016). Quantitative research gives simple descriptive and relationship among variable (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2014). The target population was 550 employees (University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) data base 2021). The study targeted employees who work at casualties and emergency department, nursing care department, and clinical and diagnostic department at University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH). The use of stratified random sampling reduces bias, is relatively inexpensive, increases accessibility of study population, seed data collection and gives a true representation of target population (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2014). A sample of 210 respondents was determined, and the questionnaire was distributed to collect information to meet the research objectives. At the end of the data collection period, of the 210 questionnaires administered, 100 survey questionnaires were completed and collected. This was due to tight schedule of the staff and rotational duty roaster. The researcher had a time frame for completion of the survey. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. The study used both primary and secondary. Structured questionnaires are simple to administer and relatively inexpensive to analyze. The questionnaire was self-administered. Data collected from the field was cleaned, coded, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results were presented in the form of mean, frequency and standard deviation. Demographic profiles were presented in figures and tables. Regression and correlation analysis was done to determine relationship between variables. Correlation analysis was adopted to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Research Methodology. This research methodology is likely to be descriptive in nature. In this study authors used Secondary data for collection.
Research Methodology. In order to formulate and propose the model of ontological of SLA and its application in cloud computing environment, there are few steps that has repair or mean time to recovery (MTTR); various data rates; throughput; jitter; or similar measurable details. In this practice, the SLA has also played an important role in cloud computing environment especially related to the indication and determination of the agreement level between the service provider and the recipients. In this context, the services will be implementing also based on resource as a service (RaaS) from the services provider to the potential recipients. The relationship of the Services Agreement and Resource utilization in cloud computing environment between the supplier and demander is shown in Table 1. Table 1: The relationship between the Service and Resources in SLA Agreement Type of Resources Level of Service Requirement Software such as application development and deployment of the business purposes Infrastructure such as computer virtualization, computer networking and data center been taken and conducted based on a series of sequences as shown in Fig 1. Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6
Research Methodology. Several methodologies exist within the qualitative paradigm such as case study, ethnography, longitudinal study, survey and action research (ICEPE and UEL, 2015a). Case study was not adopted as it explores unique instances, single cases and is non- interventionist (Xxxxx et al, 2011; Xxxxx et al, 2011). Ethnography was unsuited as it is characterised by the study of wide databases, collecting data over long periods of time (ibid). While ethnography focuses on participants’ perceptions, the length of time required and this research’s focus on changing practice makes ethnography unsuitable. Longitudinal study involves observing variables in a sample over a long time frame (Xxxxx et al, 2011). As this research does not involve variables and is not concerned with developments over time, longitudinal study would not address the research questions. Survey offers descriptions and explanations of phenomena affecting wide populations, generating large scale, generalizable data (ibid), which is not the focus of this research. It was therefore unsuited. Action research (AR) was adopted as it is well suited to studying small samples (Xxxxx et al, 2011; XxXxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2010); is designed for short study schedules to facilitate the planning, acting, observing and reflecting cycle and can therefore be accommodated in short time frames (Xxxxx et al, 2012). AR allows for enquiry based on self-reflection (Xxxxx et al, 2011; XxXxxx, 2017). It serves to improve the researcher’s and others’ practice (ibid); it facilitates learning through the design and implementation of intervention (ibid) and it provides the opportunity to clarify and evaluate the values base of the researcher’s practice (XxXxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2010, Xxxxx et al, 2011).
Research Methodology. The fieldwork for this evaluation was carried out between February 2011 and April 2011. It includes interviews of SOLVIT centres, Commission officials and external parties at national level. It also included an analysis of documentation, SOLVIT cases in the database and two on line surveys. Details of the interviews are contained in Appendix A. An on line survey of SOLVIT users attracted 1834 responses (see Appendix B). An online survey of national government departments involved in a SOLVIT case has attracted 53 responses (see Appendix C).
