Relay Nodes Sample Clauses

Relay Nodes. Wireless backhaul connects relay nodes to the rest of the net- work when there are air interface resources available [39]. Designated for both indoor and outdoor scenarios, relay nodes transmit power levels are limited accordingly. Transmission power regulations limit relay nodes to a maximum of 100 mW for indoor and between 250 mW - 2 W for outdoor communica- tions. Directional and omni-directional antennas are employed for backhaul and access link connectivity, respectively. There are two modes of relay node deployment strategies based on their resource utilisation pattern. As the main 3GPP focus, In-Band relays use the same radio frequency resources in both uplink and downlink for the wireless backhaul communication. Out-of-Band relays however, use different resources requiring dedicated spectrum. Both Full-Duplex (FD) and Half-Duplex (HD) communications are further defined for In-Band relay nodes. Simultaneous transmission and reception is facili- ▇▇▇▇▇ for FD in which the same frequency band is used on the relay to base station and user to relay radio links as opposed to a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) type communication in HD. Relay nodes have the same MME connection interface as pico and macro cells.