Other Models Sample Clauses

Other Models. SWMM is by no stretch of the imagination the only urban runoff model available, or necessarily the preferred one under many circumstances. Many other urban runoff models have been described in the literature and are too numerous to list here. However, good comparative reviews are available, e.g., ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1977), ▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1977), ▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1980, 1982), ▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1982), ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1982), EPA(1983a), ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al. (1983) and Hall (1984). EPA=s water quality models are reviewed by ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ (1984). A general review of methods available for urban quality modeling and six operational urban quality models is provided by ▇▇▇▇▇ (1985, 1986). Many more models are available for purely hydrologic and hydraulic analysis. Under the sponsorship of the Environmental Protection Agency, a consortium of contractors B ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇, Incorporated, the University of Florida, and Water Resources Engineers, Incorporated B developed in 1969-71 the Storm Water Management Model, SWMM, capable of representing urban stormwater runoff and combined sewer overflow phenomena. Both quantity and quality problems and control options may be investigated with the model, with associated cost estimates available for storage and/or treatment controls. Effectiveness can be evaluated by inspection of hydrographs, pollutographs, pollutant loads, and modeled changes in receiving water quality. Volume II, “Verification and Testing,” (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇ et al., 1971b), describes the methods and results of the application of the original model to four urban catchments. Volume III, the “User’s Manual” (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇ et al., 1971c) contains program descriptions, flow charts, instructions on data preparation and program usage, and test examples. This was updated in 1975 by the Version II User’s Manual (▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 1971) and in 1981 by the Version 3 User’s Manuals (▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 1981; ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ et al., 1981). This present report supersedes all of these previous documents. Volume IV, “Program Listing” (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ and ▇▇▇▇ et al., 1971d), lists the entire original program and Job Control Language (JCL) as used in the demonstration runs. Since many routines in the updated version are similar or identical to the original, it is still a useful reference, but on the whole should be disregarded since the present coding is in most cases, completely different. All three original contractors have continued to modify and improve the SWMM, as have numerous other users since its release. Through EPA res...